PragerU (Prager University)
Background
Prager University, branded PragerU, is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit conservative media organization founded in 2011 by radio talk show host and author Dennis Prager and his business partner Allen Estrin. As noted on its website, โPrager University is not an accredited academic institution and does not offer certifications or diplomas.โ1Madaline Donnelly. โHow Dennis Pragerโs Conservative Online University Reaches Millions,โ The Daily Signal, November 4, 2015. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/HQ7bD
According to a Rewire profile, โDennis Prager, has historically fought against what he describes as ‘liberal’ evilsโmarriage equality, feminism, and multiculturalism.โ2Bria Shea. โFracking Titans Spend Millions Proselytizing School Children,โ Rewire, April 30, 2015. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/SphpV The profile suggests that PragerU targets middle school and high school children. According to PragerU’s 2014 annual report, a priority is to develop relationships with educators in โin college, high school, middle school and homeschools.โ3โThanks A Million: Make that Twenty-Four Million!โ (PDF), Prager University, 2014.
In 2015, PragerU had hit โmore than 50 million views as confirmed by YouTube and Facebook,โ as Prager told The Daily Signal, a conservative news website. Prager noted that the largest demographic was people under 35 years of age. โWith the birth of the Internet, the ability to influence even more peopleโespecially young peopleโopened up,โ Prager wrote. The swell in popularity followed a complete website redesign. PragerU began exclusively using animation in its videos following a 2013 lawsuit where it allegedly used a photograph without consent.4Madaline Donnelly. โHow Dennis Pragerโs Conservative Online University Reaches Millions,โ The Daily Signal, November 4, 2015. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/HQ7bD
In 2017, speaking with The Times of Israel, Prager said that the group had accumulated 250 million views in the past year, and โare on schedule to have half a billion views this yearโ with the primary demographic continuing to be viewers under 35 years old. Some single videos netted over 150 million views in 2016, and the group boasts more than 2 million fans as well as a โstudent forceโ from universities around the world. The group’s 2017 impact report projects over 500 million views in 201. It describes their student group, โPragerFORCE,โ as a โyoung digital armyโ of students โwho spread the ideas and values of PragerUโ on campuses.5Lisa Klug. โSuper-conservative PragerU aims to arm pro-Israel students for their campus โwastelandsโ,โ The Times of Israel, June 14, 2017. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/PgsA1 6PragerU 2017 Impact Report (PDF). PragerU, May 3, 2017.
According to their website, PragerU’s mission is to โspread what we call ‘Americanism’ through the power of the Internet.โ It does this through five-minute video segments, which it describes as โconservative sound bites that clarify profoundly significant and uniquely American concepts for more than 100 million people each year.โ Dennis Prager has described the group’s mission as combatting โliberal biasโ at American universities. โThe mission of Prager University is to arm people who are on our side with the intellectual ammunition they need to respond to these arguments, and to make the arguments really, really simple, so you donโt have to be a genius to understand them,โ Prager has said.7โWhat We Do,โ PragerU. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/k6zGc 8Madaline Donnelly. โHow Dennis Pragerโs Conservative Online University Reaches Millions,โ The Daily Signal, November 4, 2015. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/HQ7bD
โWe take the best ideas from the best minds and distill them down to five focused minutes. We then add graphics and animation to create the most persuasive, entertaining, and educational case possible for the values that have made America and the West the source of so much liberty and wealth. These values are Judeo-Christian at their core and include the concepts of freedom of speech, a free press, free markets and a strong military to protect and project those values,โ PragerU explains.9โWhat We Do,โ PragerU. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/k6zGc
The conservative Daily Signal also noted that PragerU videos generally don’t cite statistics or sources. Prager co-founder Allen Estrin said the reasoning for this is that the videos are narrated by โexpertsโ who know the subject matter, and that viewers are expected to do their own research. After viewing the videos, โthe individual does the rest,โ Dennis Prager told The Daily Signal.10Madaline Donnelly. โHow Dennis Pragerโs Conservative Online University Reaches Millions,โ The Daily Signal, November 4, 2015. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/HQ7bD
PragerU boasts that thousands of teachers and professors use their videos as teaching supplements, and advertises the โPragerU Educators Networkโ as a resource designed to โbring truth back to the classroom.โ According to the Prager U Educators page, โStudents no longer learn that America is a land of opportunity, a defender of freedom around the world, and a source of pride. Instead, they are taught that America is a land of inequality, racism, imperialism, and, ultimately, shame that can only be redeemed through the adoption of leftist ideals.โ It offers an alternative to โshow both sides of the argumentโ and a call to action to โensure that this generation of American students passes on the mantle of freedom to next generation, and doesnโt allow it to go extinct.โ As of 2015, PragerU’s chief operating officer Marissa Streit said that this network included at least 3,000 educators.11โBring Truth Back to the Classroom,โ PragerU. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/ukhvI 12Madaline Donnelly. โHow Dennis Pragerโs Conservative Online University Reaches Millions,โ The Daily Signal, November 4, 2015. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/HQ7bD
PragerU also lists a number of petitions on its website, including one claiming that YouTube is censoring their content from younger viewers by putting total of 34 videos โunder ‘restricted mode’ making it impossible for many young people to access our videos.โ According to PragerU, this is a sign that โconservative ideas are under attack.โ13โYouTube continues to restrict many PragerU videos. Fight back!โ PragerU. Archived August 31, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/kdfZM Among the 34 videos PragerU requests be un-restricted for younger audiences is one on college rape, (the video claims that there is โno evidence of a national campus rape epidemicโ)14โAre 1 in 5 Women Raped at College?โ YouTube video uploaded by user โPragerU,โ April 11, 2016., and another criticizing anti-tobacco activists‘ opposition of e-cigarettes.15โWhat’s Wrong with E-Cigarettes?โ YouTube video uploaded by user โPragerUโ, May 8, 2017.
PragerU also promotes religious materials and courses, including videos about Genesis, the Ten Commandments, and other Bible passages. Nearly all of the videos in the โReligion/Philosophyโ category are narrated by Dennis Prager.16โReligion/Philosophy,โ PragerU. Archived August 30, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/vODDm
According to Conservative Transparency, Prager University and the Prager University Foundation have collectively received $215,000 from the conservative Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation. Their largest known funders have been the Wilks family, who are significant donors for the Christian Right.17โPrager U,โ Conservative Transparency. Accessed August 29, 2017. 18Bria Shea. โFracking Titans Spend Millions Proselytizing School Children,โ Rewire, April 30, 2015. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/SphpV
Prager University & the Religious Right
Two of Prager University’s largest supporters are the fracking industry billionaires Dan and Farris Wilks, who have gained a reputation as โthe Koch brothers of the Christian Right.โ The brothers previously owned Frac Tech, and still manage Interstate Explorations, an oil and gas service company. They were each worth an estimated $1.4 billion, according to a 2015 Rewire profile.19Bria Shea. โFracking Titans Spend Millions Proselytizing School Children,โ Rewire, April 30, 2015. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/SphpV As of 2015, Prager University had received an estimated $6,550,000 from the Wilks family as well as $50,000 from the Heavenly Fatherโs Foundation, run by Dan Wilks and his wife.20Bill Lambrecht. โ‘Undercover billionaires’ now in the political spotlight,โ San Antonio Express-News, February 13, 2016. Archived August 30, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/vDHgV
One of Farris Wilks’ goals is to inject religion into public education. Speaking at a 2013 Pastors and Pews Event, he said:21Bria Shea. โFracking Titans Spend Millions Proselytizing School Children,โ Rewire, April 30, 2015. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/SphpV
โI just think we have to make people aware, you know, and bring the Bible back into the school, and start teaching our kids at a younger age, and, uh, you know, and focus on the younger generation.โ
Farris Wilks added: โTheyโre being taught the other ideas, the gay agenda, every day out in the world so we have to stand up and explain to them that thatโs not real, thatโs not proper, itโs not right.โ22Bria Shea. โFracking Titans Spend Millions Proselytizing School Children,โ Rewire, April 30, 2015. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/SphpV
Farris Wilks is also acting trustee for The Thirteen Foundation, described as โone of the biggest and quietest anti-abortion donors in the United States.โ The Thirteen Foundation also donated $250,000 to PragerU in 2013 and promised $6,250,000 in future payments.23Anna Merlan. โFYI: Major Anti-Abortion Groups Funded by Crusty Male Billionaire,โ Jezebel, December 23, 2014. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/6jM1D 24Bria Shea. โFracking Titans Spend Millions Proselytizing School Children,โ Rewire, April 30, 2015. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/SphpV
The Wilks family donated $15 million to the Super PAC backing Republican presidential contender Ted Cruz in 2016, citing Cruz’s vies on the free market and abortion among their reasons for support:25Michelle Conlin. โSpecial Report: Touting morality, billionaire Texas brothers top 2016 donor list,โ Reuters, September 11, 2015. Archived August 30, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/KGaiC
โWe support (Cruz) because he believes in the morality of the free market, in keeping our country safe, and in the right of the unborn not to be killed in their motherโs womb,โ Farris Wilks said in an email to Reuters, speaking on behalf of the Wilks family.
On December 1, 2014, PragerU released โThe Ten Commandmentsโ video series, as taught by Dennis Prager. According to the group’s annual report, โonly Prager University has โ in about an hour โ clarified the greatest moral code known to humanity. There has never been anything like this since, well, since Sinai.โ The Ten Commandments series featured โtwo major initiatives: an essay contest for students, and a DVD program aimed at clergy, educators, and youth leaders.โ The essay contest encouraged โstudents under 23 years of ageโ to watch the series, and write an essay on their choice of commandments.26โThanks A Million: Make that Twenty-Four Million!โ (PDF), Prager University, 2014.
Prager himself has voiced fears over a โsecular America.โ Writing in a 2013 column in National Review, Prager said:
โSo it is sad when a parent who believes, for example, in the American trinity of ‘Liberty,’ ‘In God We Trust,’ and ‘E Pluribus Unum’ has a child who believes that equality trumps liberty, that a secular America is preferable to a God-centered one, and that multiculturalism should replace the unifying American identity.โ27โConservative Parents, Left-Wing Children,โ National Review, November 5, 2013. Archived August 30, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/0Xi4P
In a follow-up column, titled โIf You Want a Conservative Child,โ Prager outlined a guide on how to โensure your child wonโt cross over to the left.โ28Dennis Prager. โIf You Want a Conservative Child,โ National Review, November 12, 2013. Archived August 30, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/cRM4r
โAmerican parents who hold traditional American values โ such as belief in small government as the basis of liberty, or a God-based moral code, or American military strength as the greatest contributor to world peace and stability, or American exceptionalism, not to mention the man-woman definition of marriage or the worth of a human fetus โ are at war with almost every influence on their childrenโs lives. This includes, most important, the media and the schools,โ Prager wrote.29Dennis Prager. โIf You Want a Conservative Child,โ National Review, November 12, 2013. Archived August 30, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/cRM4r
Among his suggestions, Prager says โdonโt be preoccupied with instilling high self-esteem in your child. It is the Left that believes that self-esteem is a childโs right, something that parents and society owe children.โ30Dennis Prager. โIf You Want a Conservative Child,โ National Review, November 12, 2013. Archived August 30, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/cRM4r
โIt is not all that hard to produce a son or daughter able to withstand left-wing indoctrination,โ Prager concludes. โYou just have to understand that it doesnโt happen automatically.โ
Dennis Prager & Feminism
Prager has called the campus rape culture a โgargantuan lie to get votesโ and โnonsenseโ promoted by the โfeminist left.โ Hear audio below of Prager talking about feminism, via Media Matters, from an October 28 โRestore Americaโ rally:31โNRO’s Dennis Prager: Campus Rape Culture Is A ‘Gargantuan Lie to Get Votes,’โ Media Matters, October 30, 2014. Archived .mp4 on file at DeSmog.
According to Prager, โfeminism [โฆ] is the most mislabeled movement. It is actually masculinism.โ32โNRO’s Dennis Prager: Campus Rape Culture Is A ‘Gargantuan Lie to Get Votes,’โ Media Matters, October 30, 2014. Archived .mp4 on file at DeSmog.
Prager has been criticized33โConservative Pundit Dennis Prager Says College Sexual Assaults Are Lies To Get Votes,โ HuffPost, October 29, 2014. Archived August 30, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/ElWsJ by feminists34Megan Carpentier. โDennis Prager Still Thinks Women Should Just Give It Up Already,โ Jezebel, December 30, 2008. Archived August 30, 2017. 35Megan Carpentier. โConservative Dennis Prager Knows It’s Not Rape If His Wife ‘Submits’,โ Jezebel, December 23, 2008. Archived August 30, 2017 and even accused by one Daily KOS author for endorsing โmarital rape.โ (However, another Daily KOS author disagreed36“No, Prager is NOT Advocating Marital Rape,” Daily KOS, December 26, 2008. Archived October 28, 2021. Archive URL:https://archive.ph/N59zw)37“Dennis Prager Endorses Marital Rape,” Daily KOS, December 26, 2008. Archived October 28, 2021. Archive URL:https://archive.ph/kVyLq The accusation arose from a December 23, 2008 column written by Prager titled โWhen a Woman Isn’t In the Mood, Part I,โ which contained the following paragraph: 38Dennis Prager. โWhen a Woman Isn’t In the Mood, Part I,โ TownHall, December 23, 2008. Archived August 30, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/IKmIq
โIt is an axiom of contemporary marital life that if a wife is not in the mood, she need not have sex with her husband. Here are some arguments why a woman who loves her husband might want to rethink this axiom.โ39Dennis Prager. โWhen a Woman Isn’t In the Mood, Part I,โ TownHall, December 23, 2008. Archived August 30, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/IKmIq
A second Daily KOS author reviewed Prager’s full column and concluded he was โNOT advocating marital rape,โ and that the first accusation was not justified. โWhat I see Prager saying is that a loving wife will CONSENT to a man’s request for sex even if she doesn’t feel like it,โ the author writes.40โNo, Prager is NOT Advocating Marital Rape,โ Daily KOS, December 26, 2008. Archived August 30, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/N59zw
PragerU also posts videos on feminism. For example, one video features conservative radio commentator Tammy Bruce in a course titled โFeminism 2.0โ According to the video, women have men to thank for feminist progress:41โFeminism 2.0,โ PragerU, February 10, 2014.
โIt is easy for feminists to forget this, but it was men who gave up their monopoly on political power and gave women the right to vote,โ Bruce says in the video. โMen who invented birth control, the refrigerator, the washing machine, and so many other devices that liberated women.โ
PragerU features a number of videos by Christina Hoff Sommers of the conservative American Enterprise Institute (AEI) including a video claiming โThere is No Gender Wage Gap,โ42โThere Is No Gender Wage Gap,โ PragerU, March 6, 2016. a similarly titled video on โThe Myth of the Gender Wage Gapโ (AKA โFeminism vs. Truthโ), and another video about the so-called โWar on Boys.โ43โThe Myth of the Gender Wage Gap,โ PragerU, September 22, 2014. 44โWar on Boys,โ PragerU, May 19, 2014.
In another PragerU video, Dennis Prager argues that it is justified for men in monogamous relationships to look at other women because it is in their nature. โThe power of the visual to excite men has no analogue in women,โ Prager claims in the video,45โHe Wants You,โ YouTube video uploaded by user โPragerU,โ March 2, 2015. Archived .mp4 on file at DeSmog. pointing to another of his videos titled โMen and the Power of the Visualโ46โMen and the Power of the Visual,โ YouTube video uploaded by user โPragerU,โ January 28, 2016.. Archived .mp4 on file at DeSmog.
Stance on Climate Change
PragerU’s โEnvironmental Scienceโ course is dominated by videos of prominent climate change deniers including Alex Epstein, Bjorn Lomborg, Patrick Moore, and Richard Lindzen.
In one example, titled โWhat they Haven’t Told You About Climate Change,โ Patrick Moore claims that climate change is โfar from being a recent human-caused disasterโ and is โfor a myriad of complex reasons, a fact of life on Planet Earth,โ according to the PragerU video description.47โWhat they Haven’t Told You About Climate Change,โ PragerU, July 26, 2015.
โThe science is not ‘settled.’ The debate is not over. The climate is always changing. It always has. And it always will,โ Moore concludes.48โWhat they Haven’t Told You About Climate Change,โ PragerU, July 26, 2015.
View a full list of PragerU’s climate change denial videos, by presenter.
Other Issues
Anti-Abortion
Prager has previously described conservatism as based on โwhat is rightโ as opposed to โhow do I feel?โ He wrote:49Dennis Prager. โLiberal Feelings vs. Judeo-Christian Values,โ Commentary, February 22, 2005. Archived August 30, 2017.
โThat is why a religious woman who is pregnant but does not wish to be is far less likely to have an abortion than a secular woman in the same circumstances. Her values are higher than her feelings. And that, in a nutshell, is what our culture war is aboutโJudeo-Christian values versus liberal/leftist feelings.โ
Criticism of the Left
Modern Art Is โSilly, Pointless, and Purely Offensiveโ
Funding
In addition to an estimated $6,550,000 in funding from the Wilks family, other significant donors of Prager University have included the โdark moneyโ conduit group DonorsTrust, The Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation, Thirteen Foundation and associated Heavenly Fathers Foundation among others.
Below is a summary of donations, based on available information from the Conservative Transparency project and from publicly available 990 forms.50Bria Shea. โFracking Titans Spend Millions Proselytizing School Children,โ Rewire, April 30, 2015. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/SphpV
View the attached spreadsheet for PragerU funding listed by year (.xlsx).
Donor | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | Grand Total |
Central Children’s Charities | $1,400,000 | $1,400,000 | |||||||
The Thirteen Foundation | $250,000 | $1,000,000 | $1,250,000 | ||||||
The Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation | $75,000 | $40,000 | $25,000 | $75,000 | $75,000 | $75,000 | $175,000 | $540,000 | |
Michael and Andrea Levin Family Foundation | $100,000 | $100,000 | $100,000 | $100,000 | $400,000 | ||||
Maccabee Task Force Foundation | $150,000 | $150,000 | |||||||
Marcus Foundation | $100,000 | $100,000 | |||||||
The Milstein Family Foundation | $22,000 | $5,000 | $10,000 | $14,000 | $10,000 | $10,000 | $15,000 | $86,000 | |
Heavenly Fathers Foundation | $70,000 | $70,000 | |||||||
Robert and Nina Rosenthal Foundation | $21,000 | $1,000 | $25,000 | $47,000 | |||||
DonorsTrust | $35,540 | $35,540 | |||||||
David & Janet Polak Foundation | $5,000 | $30,000 | $35,000 | ||||||
Comerica Charitable Trust | $30,000 | $30,000 | |||||||
Bradley Impact Fund | $25,000 | $25,000 | |||||||
Schwab Charitable Fund | $12,108 | $12,108 | |||||||
Jewish Communal Fund | $10,000 | $10,000 | |||||||
The Donna and Spencer Gilbert Foundation | $1,000 | $1,500 | $1,000 | $1,000 | $1,000 | $1,000 | $6,500 | ||
Milwaukee Jewish Federation | $6,000 | $6,000 | |||||||
Community Foundation of North Florida | $5,016 | $5,016 | |||||||
Action Council of Monterey County | $5,000 | $5,000 | |||||||
Deramus Foundation | $5,000 | $5,000 | |||||||
National Philanthropic Trust | $250 | $250 | |||||||
Grand Total | $1,475,000 | $63,000 | $36,500 | $468,250 | $203,108 | $1,466,000 | $456,016 | $50,540 | $4,218,414 |
990 Forms
Key People
Board Members
The following is via publicly available 990 forms:
Name | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2015 | Description | Total Reported Compensation |
Allen Estrin | Y | Y | Y | Y | Executive Director | $439,753 |
Barak Lurie | Y | Y | Y | |||
Marissa Streit | Y | Y | Y | Chief Executive Officer | $372,083 | |
Richard Lederer | Y | Y | ||||
Greg Cassileth | Y | |||||
John Francis | Y | |||||
Josh Wilks | Y | |||||
Ladd Wilks | Y | |||||
William Herreid III | Y | |||||
Roger Silk | Y | Y | Y | |||
Barry Wolfe | Y | Y | ||||
Michael Noble | Y |
Staff/Leadership
Name | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | Description |
Allen Estrin | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Executive Director |
Dennis Prager | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | President |
Marissa Streit | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Chief Executive Officer | |
Andrew Powell | Y | Y | Y | Y | Director of Video Design | |||
Chris Powell | Y | Y | Y | Y | Director of Technology | |||
Laurie Dorr | Y | Y | Y | Y | Director of Administration and Programs | |||
Rachel Ochoa | Y | Y | Y | Y | Communications Coordinator | |||
Aryeh Leifert | Y | Y | Communications | |||||
Craig Strazzeri | Y | Y | Chief Marketing Officer | |||||
Jared Sichel | Y | Y | Y | Y | Communications Director | |||
Allison Weisenberger | Y | Development Officer | ||||||
Dan Banas | Y | Social Media Manager | ||||||
David Prager | Y | Director of Development | ||||||
Devon Mirsky | Y | PragerForce National Director | ||||||
Lucy Werner | Y | Vice President of Development | ||||||
Tim Lollis | Y | Regional Development Director, Texas | ||||||
Tyler Goldstein | Y | Digital Marketing Coordinator | ||||||
Christine Silk | Y | Y | Y | Y | Communications | |||
Jonathan Hay | Y | Y | Y | Director of Video Design | ||||
Elisha Krauss | Y | Director of Development | ||||||
Tiffany Hasart | Y | Accounting Consultant | ||||||
Eva Vayntraub | Y | Students Affairs Coordinator | ||||||
David Weinberger | Y | Director of Programs | ||||||
Noah Yaffe | Y | Project Manager | ||||||
Robby Moeller | Y | Dean of Students |
Advisory Board
Name | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 |
Bradbury Anderson | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
Michael Leven | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
David Wehrly | Y | Y | ||||
Gregory L. Geiser | Y | Y | ||||
Aaron Ginn | Y | |||||
Charlie Kirk | Y | |||||
Ginni Thomas | Y | |||||
Oren Kwiatek | Y | |||||
Tommy Swanson | Y | |||||
Ronald Lee | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Lee Ohanian | Y | Y | ||||
B. Wayne Hughes, Jr. | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
David Zucker | Y | Y | Y | |||
Michael Fourticq Sr. | Y | Y | Y |
Course Presenters/โFacultyโ
Name | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 |
Alison Armstrong | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
Bruce Herschensohn | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
Frank Pastore | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
Joseph Telushkin | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
Paul Johnson | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
Adam Carolla | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Jonah Goldberg | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Peter Kreeft | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Terry Moe | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Tim Groseclose | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Walter Williams | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Wilson Miscamble | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Amity Shlaes | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||
Andrew Roberts | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||
Anne Bayefsky | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||
Anthony Esolen | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||
Arthur Brooks | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||
David Henderson | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||
George Gilder | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||
Greg Lukianoff | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||
Kenneth Meshoe | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||
Lee Ohanian | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||
Michael Tanner | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||
Nicholas Eberstadt | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||
Nicole Gelinas | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||
Stephen Marmer | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||
Tammy Bruce | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||
Alan Dershowitz | Y | Y | Y | ||||
Derryck Green | Y | Y | Y | ||||
Eric Metaxas | Y | Y | Y | ||||
George Will | Y | Y | Y | ||||
Haroon Ullah | Y | Y | Y | ||||
Kip Hagopian | Y | Y | Y | ||||
Matthew Woessner | Y | Y | Y | ||||
Raymond Ibrahim | Y | Y | Y | ||||
Richard McMillan | Y | Y | Y | ||||
Robert Florczak | Y | Y | Y | ||||
Christina Sommers | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||
Alex Epstein | Y | Y | |||||
Bjorn Lomborg | Y | Y | |||||
Bret Stephens | Y | Y | |||||
Burt Folsom | Y | Y | |||||
Charlie Kirk | Y | Y | |||||
Chloe Valdary | Y | Y | |||||
Daniel DiSalvo | Y | Y | |||||
Dennis Prager | Y | Y | |||||
Heather Mac Donald | Y | Y | |||||
Jay Cost | Y | Y | |||||
Judith Miller | Y | Y | |||||
Larry Elder | Y | Y | |||||
Larry Schweikart | Y | Y | |||||
Nick Adams | Y | Y | |||||
Patrick Moore | Y | Y | |||||
Richard Kemp | Y | Y | |||||
Robert George | Y | Y | |||||
Tara Ross | Y | Y | |||||
Tom Shillue | Y | Y | |||||
William Voegeli | Y | Y | |||||
Anders Fogh Rasmussen | Y | ||||||
Andrew Klavan | Y | ||||||
Andy Puzder | Y | ||||||
Antonia Okafor | Y | ||||||
Ayaan Hirsi Ali | Y | ||||||
Ben Shapiro | Y | ||||||
Bob McEwen | Y | ||||||
Brad Wilcox | Y | ||||||
Carol Swain | Y | ||||||
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Climate Change Denial Videos
Alex Epstein
Alex Epstein is the President and Founder of the Center for Industrial Progress (CIP), a for-profit think tank he founded in 2011 with the mission of inspiring Americans to โembrace industrial progress as a cultural ideal.โ51โAbout,โ Center for Industrial Progress. Archived August 19, 2016. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/dXBNr Epstein is also a blogger at Master Resource, a โFree Market Energy Blog,โ and a past fellow of the Ayn Rand Institute, an organization that has received funding from the Koch Foundations amounting to $100,000 between 2005 and 2011.52โKoch Industries: Still Fuelling Climate Denial 2011 Updateโ (PDF), Greenpeace, April, 2011. Accessed January 18, 2016.
View Epstein’s DeSmog profile here.
July 11, 2016 โ โDo 97% of Climate Scientists Really Agree?โ
Epstein attempts to debunk the 97% consensus of climate scientists that climate change is real and man-made, and argues that the benefits of fossil fuels outweigh any risks to climate change. He compares those who believe in the consensus to anti-vaccine activists.53โDo 97% of Climate Scientists Really Agree?โ YouTube video uploaded by user โPragerU,โ July 11, 2016.
โFossil fuel opponents don’t want you to know the precise magnitude of climate change,โ Epstein claims. โBecause if you did, you wouldn’t be scared of climate change, you would be scared of losing the benefits of fossil fuels.โ
Epstein’s PragerU video was also reposted at Capitalism Magazine in April of 2017.54โDo 97% of Climate Scientists Really Agree?โ Capitalism Magazine, April 23, 2017. Archived .mp4 on file at DeSmog. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/sHPiP
Notable โFacts and Sourcesโ:
Under the โFacts and Sourcesโ tab, Epstein points articles by the National Association of Scholars (NAS), a group that seeks to counter โliberal biasโ in academia.55โNational Association of Scholars,โ SourceWatch. He links to two NAS articles56โThe Father of Global Warming Skepticism: An Interview with S Fred Singer,โ National Association of Scholars, January 3, 2011. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/azZN5 centered on 2011 interviews57โEstimated 40 Percent of Scientists Doubt Manmade Global Warming,โ National Association of Scholars, January 3, 2011. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/XsBw3 with prominent climate change denier Fred Singer, โThe Father of Global Warming Skepticism.โ He also links to another PragerU video by Richard Lindzen for evidence.58โClimate Change: What Do Scientists Say?โ PragerU, April 18, 2016. Epstein’s other citations include โfurther readingโ in the Wall Street Journal, including an opinion article by Joseph Bast59Joseph Bast and Roy Spencer. โThe Myth of the Climate Change ‘97%‘โ The Wall Street Journal, May 26, 2014. Archived August 30, 2017. of the notorious Heartland Institute and Roy Spencer, as well as another WSJ piece by Richard Lindzen. He also links to a Forbes article he wrote himself.60Alex Epstein. โ97& of Climate Scientists Agree is 100% Wrong,โ Forbes, January 6, 2015. Archived August 10, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/CzBP5
April 21, 2016 โ โFossil Fuels: The Greenest Energyโ
According to Epstein, โfossil fuels donโt take a naturally safe environment and make it dangerous; they empower us to take a naturally dangerous environment and make it cleaner and safer.โ Apart from citing his own book, The Moral Case for Fossil Fuels, Epstein notably cited a group that has long promoted the benefits of carbon dioxide while enjoying funding from the fossil fuel industry:61โFossil Fuels: The Greenest Energy,โ PragerU, April 21, 2016. Archived May 30, 2016.
Organization Cited | Scaife Funding | ExxonMobil Funding | DonorsTrust/DCF Funding |
Center for the Study of Carbon Dioxide and Global Change (CO2 Science) | $100,000 | $75,000 | $283,800 |
October 19, 2015 โ โCan We Rely on Wind and Solar Energyโ
Epstein argues that โsolar and wind power are very expensive,โ as well as intermittent. โThere is no free lunch. And there is no free energy. And that very much includes the very expensive energy from the sun and the wind.โ62โCan We Rely on Wind and Solar?โ PragerU, October 19 2015. Archived .mp4 on file at DeSmog.
Organization Cited | Scaife Funding | ExxonMobil Funding | DonorsTrust/DCF Funding | Koch Funding |
Brookings Institution | $2,425,000 | $40,450 | $1,179,400 | |
American Enterprise Institute (AEI) | $10,401,000 | $3,075,000 | $2,557,999 | |
National Center for Policy Analysis (NCPA) | $2,855,000 | $597,150 | $771,674 |
April 20, 2015 โ โWhy You Should Love Fossil Fuelโ
Notable โFacts and Sourcesโ: Apart from a range of sources citing overall environmental improvement since the industrial revolution, Epstein’s notable citations include:
- A 2013 New York Times opinion article by โthe skeptical environmentalistโ Bjorn Lomborg titled โThe Poor Need Cheap Fossil Fuels.โ63Bjorn Lomborg. โThe Poor Need Cheap Fossil Fuels,โ The New York Times, December 3, 2013. Archived August 30, 2017.
- A Forbes article by Epstein promoting โHow Fossil Fuels Cleaned Up Our Environment.โ64Alex Epstein. โHow Fossil Fuels Cleaned Up Our Environment,โ Forbes, January 28, 2015. Archived August 30, 2017.
- The Amazon page for Epstein’s book, The Moral Case for Fossil Fuels..
- A MasterResource article by Epstein opposing the โ’green’ movement.โ65Alex Epstein. โGo Industrial, Not ‘Green’ (Part II),โ MasterResource, September 24, 2011).
Patrick Moore
Patrick Moore, who has repeatedly been mischaracterized as the founder of Greenpeace, is a Canadian environmentalist who believes that humans are not to blame for climate change.66Greg Laden. โWho Founded Greenpeace? Not Patrick Moore,โ Greg Laden’s Blog on ScienceBlogs, June 27, 2015. Archived July 11, 2016. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmogBlog. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/gAdJe In 2008, Greenpeace issued a statement on Moore, noting that he โexploits long gone ties with Greenpeace to sell himself as a speaker and pro-corporate spokesperson, usually taking positions that Greenpeace opposes.โ67โGreenpeace Statement On Patrick Moore,โ Greenpeace, October 10, 2008. Archived February 18, 2011. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/WDnbq
July 26, 2016 โ โWhy I Left Greenpeaceโ
Notable โFacts and Sourcesโ:
Citations include a book titled Environmentalism Gone Mad by Alan Carlin, Trees Are the Answer by Moore, and Moore’s own lecture at the Global Warming Policy Foundation (GWPF).68โPATRICK MOORE: SHOULD WE CELEBRATE CARBON DIOXIDE?โ The Global Warming Policy Foundation, October 15, 2015. Archived August 31, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/eCZP3 The GWPF has long defended its funding secrecy, claiming that โthe soil we till is highly controversial, and anyone who puts their head above the parapet has to be prepared to endure a degree of public vilification. For that reason we offer all our donors the protection of anonymity.โ69โSecret funding of climate sceptics is not restricted to the US,โ The Guardian, February 15, 2013. Archived August 17, 2015.
Organization Cited | Funding |
Global Warming Policy Foundation (GWPF) | $ Unknown |
July 26, 2015 โ โWhat They Haven’t Told You About Climate Changeโ
Notable โFacts and Sourcesโ:
Moore cites the same GWPF lecture, as evidence that โToday we are in the midst of a major cooling period.โ He also cites an opinion article that he wrote at The Heartland Institute.70โPATRICK MOORE: SHOULD WE CELEBRATE CARBON DIOXIDE?โ The Global Warming Policy Foundation, October 15, 2015. Archived August 31, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/eCZP3
Organization Cited | Scaife Funding | ExxonMobil Funding | DonorsTrust/DCF Funding | Koch Funding |
Global Warming Policy Foundation (GWPF) | $ Unknown | $ Unknown | $ Unknown | |
Heartland Institute | $335,000 | $531,500 | $19,942,544 | $102,578 |
July 26, 2015 โ โAre GMOs Good or Bad?โ
Organization Cited | Scaife Funding | ExxonMobil Funding | DonorsTrust/DCF Funding | Koch Funding |
American Council on Science and Health (ACSH) | $205,000 | $315,000 | $639,074 | $6,000 |
July 26, 2015 โ โThe Truth About CO2โ
Organization Cited | Scaife Funding | ExxonMobil Funding | DonorsTrust/DCF Funding |
Center for the Study of Carbon Dioxide and Global Change (CO2 Science) | $100,000 | $75,000 | $283,800 |
Global Warming Policy Foundation (GWPF) | $ Unknown | $ Unknown | $ Unknown |
July 26, 2015 โ โTrees Are the Answerโ
Moore argues that increased forestry is actually beneficial for the environment. According to Moore, trees are โno different from any other renewable crop.โ Moore further argues that deforestation isn’t necessarily a bad thing, when areas are repurposed for agricultural use or cities. Moore claims that forests have not been decreasing, and that there is โthe same area of forest in the U.S. and Canada today as there was 100 years ago.โ71โTrees Are the Answer,โ PragerU, July 26, 2015. Archived August 31, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/KHXvx
โthe professional environmentalists are never satisfied. They behave as if every tree should be protected and that the products they yield are unnecessary,โ Moore declared โThis is badly misguided. The correct position, from a purely environmental perspective, is to grow more trees, the world’s most abundant renewable resource, and use more wood. โ
Moore lists no sources or citations for any of his statements made in the video.
Richard Lindzen
A retired professor of meteorology at MIT, Richard S. Lindzen is now a Distinguished Senior Fellow at the Cato Institute‘s โCenter for the Study of Science.โ72โRichard Lindzen,โ Cato Institute. Archived August 30, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/kicRd The Cato Institute is a libertarian think tank, co-founded by Charles Koch. It has received over $14 million in funding from Koch-owned foundations, over $100,000 from ExxonMobil, and tens of millions of funding from other prominent conservative foundations and groups including Scaife Foundations.73โCato Instituteโ (search results), Conservative Transparency. Data retrieved May 28, 2016. In addition to opposing electric vehicles and alternative fuels,74Alan Reynolds. โClimate Change Canโt Excuse Electric Car Subsidies,โ The Daily Caller, April 6, 2016. Archived August 31, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/cQ5YJ Cato has historically questioned the certainty of mainstream climate science.75โGlobal Warming,โ Cato Institute. Archived August 30, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/H0svU
April 18, 2016 โ โClimate Change: What Do Scientists Say?โ
Lindzen’s talk on climate change offers no citations to external articles, peer reviewed or otherwise.
Bjorn Lomborg
Bjorn Lomborg is a political scientist and economist who founded the Copenhagen Consensus Center in Denmark. Lomborg is the author of The Skeptical Environmentalist and Cool It, two books that downplay the risks of climate change. Lomborg has published no peer-reviewed studies on climate change.76โAbout Bjorn Lomborg,โ lomborg.com. Archived August 31, 2016. Archive .is URL: https://archive.is/fObjq 77โBoard & Directors,โ Copenhagen Consensus Center. August 31, 2016. Archive .is URL: https://archive.is/YIGod
May 25, 2017 โ โIs Organic Food Worth the Cost?โ
January 16, 2017 โ โThe Paris Agreement Won’t Change the Climateโ
โThe agreement will cost a fortune but do little to reduce global warming,โ Lomborg claims. He also claims to use โthe same climate prediction model that the UN uses,โ to determine that the Clean Power Plan โWill accomplish almost nothing,โ however provides no sources or citations for his video.78โThe Paris Climate Agreement Won’t Change the Climate,โ PragerU, January 16, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/qyTKU
July 28, 2016โ โClimate Change: What’s So Alarming?โ
โFor at least the next two decades, solar and wind energy are simply expensive, feel-good measures that will have an imperceptible climate impact,โ Lomborg declares. โWe urgently need a more balanced climate conversation if we are to make sensible choices and pick the right climate policy that can actually help fix climate change.โ79โClimate Change: What’s So Alarming?โ PragerU, July 28, 2016. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/3KPjh
February 8, 2016โ โAre Electric Cars Really Green?โ
โWhile electric-car owners may cruise around feeling virtuous, the reality is that the electric car cuts almost no CO2, costs taxpayers a fortune, and, surprisingly, generates more air pollution than traditional gasoline cars,โ Lomborg said.80โAre Electric Cars Really Green?โ PragerU, February 8, 2016. Archived August 31, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/XxqLd
Lomborg’s arguments have become increasinginly popular with the oil and gas interests that perceive electric cars as threat. Starting in 2017, the Koch brothers, through their Fueling U.S. Forward campaign and elsewhere, have been perpetuating similar talking points. Lomborg’s claim that EVs don’t significantly reduce CO2 emissions was roundly and comprehensively debunked by the Union of Concerned Scientists, which found that EVs release fewer greenhouse gas emissions from cradle to grave, and are getting increasingly cleaner with every passing year. Claims that EVs โcost taxpayers a fortuneโ are subjective and don’t put electric cars in context with federal and state subsidies and support for oil and gasoline. The claim that EVs generate more air pollution than traditional gasoline cars relies on a study by two researchers at the University of Edinburgh that has been criticized for ignorning practical and technical details about EV drivership. The study alleges that the particulate matter released by tires and brake pads on EVs more than displaces the amount of pollution reduced from a lack of tailpipe emissions. However, the study contradicts other studies that factor in the regenerative braking features used in most EVs and more reliable weight estimates of the vehicles.
November 30, 2015โ โIs Climate Change Our Biggest Problem?โ
Lomborg released this video shortly before the COP21 climate talks in Paris. โIn the long run, the world needs to cut carbon dioxide because it causes global warming. But if the main effort to cut emissions is through subsidies for chic renewables like wind and solar power, virtually no good will be achieved โ at very high cost,โ Lomborg claimed in the video.81Bjorn Lomborg. โIs Climate Change Our Biggest Problem?โ PragerU, November 30, 2015. Archived August 31, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/XxqLd
Actions
August 23, 2023
PragerU reportedly sent out materials suggesting its videos were approved for use in Texas public schools. Heated received a newsletter from PragerU reading “We are proud to announce that PragerU is an approved education vendor in the state of Texas.”82Emily Atkin and Arielle Samuelson. “PragerU says it’s approved in Texas schools. It’s not.” Heated, August 23, 2023. Archived March 25, 2024. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/YZKA1
The email included an attached video featuring Texas State Board of Education member Julie Pickren. “In it, PragerU CEO Marissa Streit says that pursuant to a bill passed in June by Texas LegislatureโHouse Bill 1605โthe groupโs materials can now be used in the stateโs core knowledge curriculum,” Heated reported.83Emily Atkin and Arielle Samuelson. “PragerU says it’s approved in Texas schools. It’s not.” Heated, August 23, 2023. Archived March 25, 2024. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/YZKA1
When Heated reached out to Texas State Board of Education Kevin Ellis, Ellis denied that the material had been approved for use in public school in Texas:84Emily Atkin and Arielle Samuelson. “PragerU says it’s approved in Texas schools. It’s not.” Heated, August 23, 2023. Archived March 25, 2024. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/YZKA1
“I have no knowledge of PragerU submitting any instructional material for approval to the [State Board of Education] in the past,” he wrote, “and specifically I know that Prager U has not submitted any instructional materials to the [State Board of Education] under the new Instructional Material review process that was adopted by the legislature this year.”85Emily Atkin and Arielle Samuelson. “PragerU says it’s approved in Texas schools. It’s not.” Heated, August 23, 2023. Archived March 25, 2024. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/YZKA1
โNo one from PragerU has presented to the State Board of Education or has contacted me, as Chair of the State Board of Education, to discuss any working relationship,โ he added.86Emily Atkin and Arielle Samuelson. “PragerU says it’s approved in Texas schools. It’s not.” Heated, August 23, 2023. Archived March 25, 2024. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/YZKA1
In a followup email, responding to why a member of the Texas State Board of Education appeared in the video claiming materials had been approved, Ellis replied:87Emily Atkin and Arielle Samuelson. “PragerU says it’s approved in Texas schools. It’s not.” Heated, August 23, 2023. Archived March 25, 2024. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/YZKA1
Ellis replied: โYou would have to ask her why she made that announcement and more specific details of โwhatโ was approved and by โwhom.โโ88Emily Atkin and Arielle Samuelson. “PragerU says it’s approved in Texas schools. It’s not.” Heated, August 23, 2023. Archived March 25, 2024. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/YZKA1
When Heated reached out to PragerU, a spokesperson responded: “PragerU is an approved vendor for our supplementary educational content in Texas.โ When asked what official had approved PragerU Kids, their spokesperson responded that they had been working with Pickren.89Emily Atkin and Arielle Samuelson. “PragerU says it’s approved in Texas schools. It’s not.” Heated, August 23, 2023. Archived March 25, 2024. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/YZKA1
Houston Chronicle reporter Edward McKinley also commented on the video, Houston Public Media reported: โI think anyone watching that video would have had the impression that they were going to be rolling out to all the Texas schools. But thatโs just not accurate,โ McKinley said. โItโs not a accurate depiction of the process by which curriculum are approved in Texas. And that will not be the case.โ90Ariel Worthy. “Despite announcement, controversial PragerU curriculum is not part of Texas education, experts say,” Houston Public Media, August 28, 2023. Archived March 25, 2024. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/j1d5C
July 24, 2023
PragerU announced that it had approved a K-12 “curriculum” in Florida. PragerU’s press release, reviewed by DeSmog, claimed “will be watching PragerU videos in their classrooms as states officially make PragerU an approved educational resource,” and that “PragerU Kids materials are being packaged as free turnkey lesson plans for public, private, and charter schools.”91Alex DeLuca. “Conservative Group PragerU Says Florida Is First State to Approve Its ‘Curriculum’,” Miami New Times, July 24, 2023. Archived February 29, 2024. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/tQiB2 92(Press Release). “JDA Worldwide for PragerU,” PragerU. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
It went on: “PragerUโs new K-12 curriculum was born out of necessity. Thousands of American teachers and school board members have contacted PragerU desperate for wholesome, quality, engaging resources to help educate their students. They are sick and tired of curriculum laced with radical political agendas โ from Critical Race Theory and gender fluidity to overt anti-Americanism. Educators have been asking PragerU for help to give their students a sound (and fun) education to prepare them to make good decisions. PragerU is answering this call to serve our great nation on the most important frontโthe education of Americaโs youth.”93(Press Release). “JDA Worldwide for PragerU,” PragerU. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
It concluded, “PragerU is pushing forward to become an approved K-12 curriculum in as many states as possible.”94(Press Release). “JDA Worldwide for PragerU,” PragerU. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
January 27, 2023
PragerU released a video on plastics95“Leo Baekeland: The Innovator of Modern Plastics,” PragerU, January 27, 2023. Archived .mp4 on file at DeSmog. that The Washington Post reported they provided to public school teachers in at least five states “that assures students they should not feel guilty about using so much plastic because plastics actually help the environment โ an assertion many environmental scientists would find absurd.”96Evan Halper. “The plastics industry would like a word with your kids,” The Washington Post, February 14, 2024. Archived March 11, 2024. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/QKqL8 The PragerU video was part of their “Leo & Layla’s History Adventures” series for kids.97“Leo Baekeland: The Innovator of Modern Plastics,” PragerU, January 27, 2023. Archived .mp4 on file at DeSmog.
October 25, 2021
Steve Koonin was featured in a PragerU video titled “Is There Really a Climate Emergency?” where he claimed it is “hubris” and “either untrue or so far off the mark as to be useless” that “the planet is warming catastrophically because of certain human behaviors,” that we can project climate change from models, or that we can prevent the climate from changing.98“Is There Really a Climate Emergency?” PragerU, October 25, 2021. Archived .mp4 on file at DeSmog.
Transcript below:
“Hubris is a Greek word that means dangerously overconfident. Based on my research, hubris fairly describes our current response to the issue of climate change.
“Hereโs what many people believe:
“One: The planet is warming catastrophically because of certain human behaviors.
“Two: Thanks to powerful computers we can project what the climate will be like 20, 40, or even 100 years from now.
“Three: That if we eliminate just one behavior, the burning of fossil fuels, we can prevent the climate from changing for as long we like.
“Each of these presumptionsโtogether, the basis of our hubris regarding the changing climateโis either untrue or so far off the mark as to be useless.
“Yes, itโs true that the globe is warming, and that humans are exerting a warming influence upon it. But beyond that, to paraphrase a line from the classic movie The Princess Bride, ‘I do not think “The Science” says what you think it says.’
“For example, government reports state clearly that heat waves in the US are now no more common than they were in 1900.
“Hurricane activity is no different than it was a century ago.
“Floods have not increased across the globe over more than seventy years.
“Greenlandโs ice sheet isnโt shrinking any more rapidly today than it was 80 years ago.
“Why arenโt these reassuring facts better known?
“Because the public gets its climate information almost exclusively from the media.
“And from a media perspective, fear sells.
“‘Things arenโt that bad’ doesnโt sell.
“Very few people, and that includes journalists who report on climate news, read the actual science. I have. And what the dataโthe hard scienceโfrom the US government and UN Climate reports say is thatโฆ ‘things arenโt that bad.’
“Nor does the public understand the questionable basis of all catastrophic climate change projections: computer modeling.
“Projecting future climate is excruciatingly difficult. Yes, there are human influences, but the climate is complex. Anyone who says that climate models are โjust physicsโ either doesnโt understand them or is being deliberately misleading. I should know: I wrote one of the first textbooks on computer modeling.
“While modelers base their assumptions upon both fundamental physical laws and observations of the climate, there is still considerable judgment involved. And since different modelers will make different assumptions, results vary widely among different models.
“Letโs just take one simple, but significant assumption modelers must make: the impact of clouds on the climate.
“Natural fluctuations in the height and coverage of clouds have at least as much of an impact on the flows of sunlight and heat as do human influences. But how can we possibly know global cloud coverage say 10, let alone 50 years from now? Obviously, we canโt. But to create a climate model, we have to make assumptions. Thatโs a pretty shaky foundation on which to transform the worldโs economy.
“By the way, creating more accurate models isnโt getting any easier. In fact, the more we learn about the climate system, the more we realize how complex it is.
“Rather than admit this complexity, the media, the politicians, and a good portion of the climate science community attribute every terrible storm, every flood, every major fire to ‘climate change.’ Yes, weโve always had these weather events in the past, the narrative goes, but somehow ‘climate change’ is making everything ‘worse.’
“Even if that were true, isnโt the relevant question, how much worse? Not to mention that ‘worse’ is not exactly a scientific term.
“And how would we make it better?
“For the alarmists, thatโs easy: we get rid of fossil fuels.
“Not only is this impracticalโwe get over 80% of the worldโs energy from fossil fuelsโitโs not scientifically possible. Thatโs because CO2 doesnโt disappear from the atmosphere in a few days like, say, smog. It hangs around for a really long time.
“About 60 percent of any CO2 that we emit today will remain in the atmosphere 20 years from now, between 30 and 55 percent will still be there after a century, and between 15 and 30 percent will remain after one thousand years.
“In other words, it takes centuries for the excess carbon dioxide to vanish from the atmosphere. So, any partial reductions in CO2 emissions would only slow the increase in human influencesโnot prevent it, let alone reverse it.
“CO2 is not a knob that we can just turn down to fix everything. We donโt have that ability. To think that we do isโฆ hubris.
“Hubris leads to bad decisions.
“A little humility and a little knowledge would lead to better ones.
“Iโm Steve Koonin, former Undersecretary for Science in the Obama Administration, and author of Unsettled: What Climate Science Tells Us, What It Doesn’t, and Why It Matters, for Prager University.”
July 27, 2021
PragerU announced it would launch a “non-woke history series” in a series of “TBH videos {To Be Honest}” targeting middle schoolers.99(Press Release). “PragerU eyes middle schoolers with non-woke history series,” PragerU, July 27, 2021. Archived August 2, 2021. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/guwv0
โWhile most people would agree that learning history is important, the problem is that modern teaching of history is not honest at all,โ PragerU CEO Marissa Streit said in a press release. โItโs laced with anti-American ideology being forced upon our kids and itโs time we did something about it. With our new show, weโre making history lessons fun, entertaining and most importantly โ honest.โ100(Press Release). “PragerU eyes middle schoolers with non-woke history series,” PragerU, July 27, 2021. Archived August 2, 2021. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/guwv0
PragerU boasts in its release “comes on top of PragerUโs successful entrance into the market for childrenโs content, which has racked up over 3 million views in just months.”
“Nearly 20,000 people have joined PragerUโs PREP community (PragerU Resources for Educators and Parents) to stand together to counter the progressive agenda being taught in schools across the country,” the release boasted.
โIncreasingly Americans are turning the eyes of their kids away from the brain-rotting shows of Cartoon Network, Nickelodeon and Disney and turning them to PragerU,โ said Craig Strazzeri, Chief Marketing Officer at PragerU. โItโs about time our kids binge brain-building, fun and honest educational content.โ
January 7, 2020
PragerU shared a series of videos on Facebook titled โFires in Australia: the Left vs. the Facts,โ which contained false information about the cause of the Australian bushfires.101Cameron Wilson. โFacebook Accepted Thousands of Dollars to Promote An Ad Its Own Fact Checkers Had Debunked,โ Buzzfeed.com, January 28, 2020. Archived February 3, 2020. Archive.is URL: http://archive.is/O70ts
The videos were flagged by Facebookโs own fact-checking mechanism on January 8 for promoting the debunked theory that the fires were started by arsonists and were not influenced by climate change. Facebook nevertheless promoted the videos for days after they were flagged, tallying more than 6.5 million views.102Cameron Wilson. โFacebook Accepted Thousands of Dollars to Promote An Ad Its Own Fact Checkers Had Debunked,โ Buzzfeed.com, January 28, 2020. Archived February 3, 2020. Archive.is URL: http://archive.is/O70ts
Claims that environmental policies and arson were to blame for the bushfires have been debunked, though they continue to be propagated by social media bots and fringe websites such as Alex Jonesโs InfoWars.103Mat Hope. โThese Climate Science Deniers are Spreading Misinformation about the Australian Bushfires,โ DeSmog, January 9, 2020.
July 29, 2019
PragerU posted a video hosted by Alex Epstein titled โWhatโs the Deal with the Green New Deal,โ in which he downplayed the future impacts of anthropogenic climate change and dismissed calls for government action.104โ(WATCH) PragerU: What’s the deal with the Green New Deal?,โ YouTube video uploaded by user PragerU on July 29, 2019. Archived .mp4 on file at DeSmog.
He also claimed that fossil fuels made the world a safer place:
โFossil fuel energy has not taken a naturally safe climate and made it unnaturally dangerous. Itโs taken our naturally dangerous climate and made it unnaturally safe. Fossil fuels are not an existential threat, they are an existential resource, because they increase something much more important than the level of CO2 in the atmosphere: the level of human empowerment.โ
April 13, 2017
PragerU announced a partnership with Turning Point USA, introducing a video that describes the average college campuses as an โindoctrination centerโ with a slant to the political left.105โThe Least Diverse Place in America,โ PragerU, April 13, 2017. Archived .mp4 on file at DeSmog.
โThis video with Charlie Kirk is part of an exciting partnership between PragerU and Turning Point USA that will include videos with other young conservatives like Ben Shapiro, Antonia Okafor, Matt Walsh and more!โ The video description announced.
According to Kirk, most colleges don’t accept a diversity of opinion on different issues, describing it as a โdangerous, revolutionary idea if that point of view is not on the left.โ
Kirk claims that โdiversity of race, or gender, or sexuality, or any of the other distinctions de jour that universities glorify are at best superficial and at worst just plain destructive.โ
Related Organizations
- Prager University/Prager University Foundation โ Aliases for PragerU.
- Turning Point USA
Contact & Address
The following contact information was listed on the PragerU website, as of August 2017.106โContact Us,โ PragerU. Archived August 31, 2017.
Mailing Address
Prager University Foundation
10045 Red Run Boulevard, Suite 250
Owings Mills, MD 21117
Contact Info
[email protected]
(323) 5PRAGER
(323) 577-2437
A number of other addresses are associated with Prager U. Below are examples, from 990 forms and online.
From the Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation’s 2014 990 forms:
15021 Ventura Blvd.
#552 Sherman Oaks, CA
91403
From the Thirteen Foundation’s 2015 990 forms:
Prager University Foundation
2325 Dulles Corner Blvd , #670
Herndon VA
20171
Social Media
Other Resources
- โPragerU,โ Wikipedia.
- โPrager ‘University’: How Billionaires Proselytize Rightwing Ignorance to Children,โ Daily KOS, February 19, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/zKOnv
- โDennis Prager,โ Wikipedia.
- PragerU Podcast Archive at DreamHosters.com.
- โDennis Prager,โ Rationalwiki.org.
- Media Matters for America reporting on Dennis Prager.
Resources
- 1Madaline Donnelly. โHow Dennis Pragerโs Conservative Online University Reaches Millions,โ The Daily Signal, November 4, 2015. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/HQ7bD
- 2Bria Shea. โFracking Titans Spend Millions Proselytizing School Children,โ Rewire, April 30, 2015. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/SphpV
- 3โThanks A Million: Make that Twenty-Four Million!โ (PDF), Prager University, 2014.
- 4Madaline Donnelly. โHow Dennis Pragerโs Conservative Online University Reaches Millions,โ The Daily Signal, November 4, 2015. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/HQ7bD
- 5Lisa Klug. โSuper-conservative PragerU aims to arm pro-Israel students for their campus โwastelandsโ,โ The Times of Israel, June 14, 2017. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/PgsA1
- 6PragerU 2017 Impact Report (PDF). PragerU, May 3, 2017.
- 7โWhat We Do,โ PragerU. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/k6zGc
- 8Madaline Donnelly. โHow Dennis Pragerโs Conservative Online University Reaches Millions,โ The Daily Signal, November 4, 2015. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/HQ7bD
- 9โWhat We Do,โ PragerU. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/k6zGc
- 10Madaline Donnelly. โHow Dennis Pragerโs Conservative Online University Reaches Millions,โ The Daily Signal, November 4, 2015. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/HQ7bD
- 11โBring Truth Back to the Classroom,โ PragerU. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/ukhvI
- 12Madaline Donnelly. โHow Dennis Pragerโs Conservative Online University Reaches Millions,โ The Daily Signal, November 4, 2015. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/HQ7bD
- 13โYouTube continues to restrict many PragerU videos. Fight back!โ PragerU. Archived August 31, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/kdfZM
- 14โAre 1 in 5 Women Raped at College?โ YouTube video uploaded by user โPragerU,โ April 11, 2016.
- 15โWhat’s Wrong with E-Cigarettes?โ YouTube video uploaded by user โPragerUโ, May 8, 2017.
- 16โReligion/Philosophy,โ PragerU. Archived August 30, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/vODDm
- 17โPrager U,โ Conservative Transparency. Accessed August 29, 2017.
- 18Bria Shea. โFracking Titans Spend Millions Proselytizing School Children,โ Rewire, April 30, 2015. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/SphpV
- 19Bria Shea. โFracking Titans Spend Millions Proselytizing School Children,โ Rewire, April 30, 2015. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/SphpV
- 20Bill Lambrecht. โ‘Undercover billionaires’ now in the political spotlight,โ San Antonio Express-News, February 13, 2016. Archived August 30, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/vDHgV
- 21Bria Shea. โFracking Titans Spend Millions Proselytizing School Children,โ Rewire, April 30, 2015. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/SphpV
- 22Bria Shea. โFracking Titans Spend Millions Proselytizing School Children,โ Rewire, April 30, 2015. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/SphpV
- 23Anna Merlan. โFYI: Major Anti-Abortion Groups Funded by Crusty Male Billionaire,โ Jezebel, December 23, 2014. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/6jM1D
- 24Bria Shea. โFracking Titans Spend Millions Proselytizing School Children,โ Rewire, April 30, 2015. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/SphpV
- 25Michelle Conlin. โSpecial Report: Touting morality, billionaire Texas brothers top 2016 donor list,โ Reuters, September 11, 2015. Archived August 30, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/KGaiC
- 26โThanks A Million: Make that Twenty-Four Million!โ (PDF), Prager University, 2014.
- 27โConservative Parents, Left-Wing Children,โ National Review, November 5, 2013. Archived August 30, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/0Xi4P
- 28Dennis Prager. โIf You Want a Conservative Child,โ National Review, November 12, 2013. Archived August 30, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/cRM4r
- 29Dennis Prager. โIf You Want a Conservative Child,โ National Review, November 12, 2013. Archived August 30, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/cRM4r
- 30Dennis Prager. โIf You Want a Conservative Child,โ National Review, November 12, 2013. Archived August 30, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/cRM4r
- 31โNRO’s Dennis Prager: Campus Rape Culture Is A ‘Gargantuan Lie to Get Votes,’โ Media Matters, October 30, 2014. Archived .mp4 on file at DeSmog.
- 32โNRO’s Dennis Prager: Campus Rape Culture Is A ‘Gargantuan Lie to Get Votes,’โ Media Matters, October 30, 2014. Archived .mp4 on file at DeSmog.
- 33โConservative Pundit Dennis Prager Says College Sexual Assaults Are Lies To Get Votes,โ HuffPost, October 29, 2014. Archived August 30, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/ElWsJ
- 34Megan Carpentier. โDennis Prager Still Thinks Women Should Just Give It Up Already,โ Jezebel, December 30, 2008. Archived August 30, 2017.
- 35Megan Carpentier. โConservative Dennis Prager Knows It’s Not Rape If His Wife ‘Submits’,โ Jezebel, December 23, 2008. Archived August 30, 2017
- 36“No, Prager is NOT Advocating Marital Rape,” Daily KOS, December 26, 2008. Archived October 28, 2021. Archive URL:https://archive.ph/N59zw
- 37“Dennis Prager Endorses Marital Rape,” Daily KOS, December 26, 2008. Archived October 28, 2021. Archive URL:https://archive.ph/kVyLq
- 38Dennis Prager. โWhen a Woman Isn’t In the Mood, Part I,โ TownHall, December 23, 2008. Archived August 30, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/IKmIq
- 39Dennis Prager. โWhen a Woman Isn’t In the Mood, Part I,โ TownHall, December 23, 2008. Archived August 30, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/IKmIq
- 40โNo, Prager is NOT Advocating Marital Rape,โ Daily KOS, December 26, 2008. Archived August 30, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/N59zw
- 41โFeminism 2.0,โ PragerU, February 10, 2014.
- 42โThere Is No Gender Wage Gap,โ PragerU, March 6, 2016. a similarly titled video on โThe Myth of the Gender Wage Gapโ (AKA โFeminism vs. Truthโ), and another vid
- 43โThe Myth of the Gender Wage Gap,โ PragerU, September 22, 2014.
- 44โWar on Boys,โ PragerU, May 19, 2014.
- 45โHe Wants You,โ YouTube video uploaded by user โPragerU,โ March 2, 2015. Archived .mp4 on file at DeSmog.
- 46โMen and the Power of the Visual,โ YouTube video uploaded by user โPragerU,โ January 28, 2016.. Archived .mp4 on file at DeSmog.
- 47โWhat they Haven’t Told You About Climate Change,โ PragerU, July 26, 2015.
- 48โWhat they Haven’t Told You About Climate Change,โ PragerU, July 26, 2015.
- 49Dennis Prager. โLiberal Feelings vs. Judeo-Christian Values,โ Commentary, February 22, 2005. Archived August 30, 2017.
- 50Bria Shea. โFracking Titans Spend Millions Proselytizing School Children,โ Rewire, April 30, 2015. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/SphpV
- 51โAbout,โ Center for Industrial Progress. Archived August 19, 2016. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/dXBNr
- 52โKoch Industries: Still Fuelling Climate Denial 2011 Updateโ (PDF), Greenpeace, April, 2011. Accessed January 18, 2016.
- 53โDo 97% of Climate Scientists Really Agree?โ YouTube video uploaded by user โPragerU,โ July 11, 2016.
- 54โDo 97% of Climate Scientists Really Agree?โ Capitalism Magazine, April 23, 2017. Archived .mp4 on file at DeSmog. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/sHPiP
- 55โNational Association of Scholars,โ SourceWatch.
- 56โThe Father of Global Warming Skepticism: An Interview with S Fred Singer,โ National Association of Scholars, January 3, 2011. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/azZN5
- 57โEstimated 40 Percent of Scientists Doubt Manmade Global Warming,โ National Association of Scholars, January 3, 2011. Archived August 29, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/XsBw3
- 58โClimate Change: What Do Scientists Say?โ PragerU, April 18, 2016.
- 59Joseph Bast and Roy Spencer. โThe Myth of the Climate Change ‘97%‘โ The Wall Street Journal, May 26, 2014. Archived August 30, 2017.
- 60Alex Epstein. โ97& of Climate Scientists Agree is 100% Wrong,โ Forbes, January 6, 2015. Archived August 10, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/CzBP5
- 61โFossil Fuels: The Greenest Energy,โ PragerU, April 21, 2016. Archived May 30, 2016.
- 62โCan We Rely on Wind and Solar?โ PragerU, October 19 2015. Archived .mp4 on file at DeSmog.
- 63Bjorn Lomborg. โThe Poor Need Cheap Fossil Fuels,โ The New York Times, December 3, 2013. Archived August 30, 2017.
- 64Alex Epstein. โHow Fossil Fuels Cleaned Up Our Environment,โ Forbes, January 28, 2015. Archived August 30, 2017.
- 65Alex Epstein. โGo Industrial, Not ‘Green’ (Part II),โ MasterResource, September 24, 2011).
- 66Greg Laden. โWho Founded Greenpeace? Not Patrick Moore,โ Greg Laden’s Blog on ScienceBlogs, June 27, 2015. Archived July 11, 2016. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmogBlog. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/gAdJe
- 67โGreenpeace Statement On Patrick Moore,โ Greenpeace, October 10, 2008. Archived February 18, 2011. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/WDnbq
- 68โPATRICK MOORE: SHOULD WE CELEBRATE CARBON DIOXIDE?โ The Global Warming Policy Foundation, October 15, 2015. Archived August 31, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/eCZP3
- 69โSecret funding of climate sceptics is not restricted to the US,โ The Guardian, February 15, 2013. Archived August 17, 2015.
- 70โPATRICK MOORE: SHOULD WE CELEBRATE CARBON DIOXIDE?โ The Global Warming Policy Foundation, October 15, 2015. Archived August 31, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/eCZP3
- 71โTrees Are the Answer,โ PragerU, July 26, 2015. Archived August 31, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/KHXvx
- 72โRichard Lindzen,โ Cato Institute. Archived August 30, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/kicRd
- 73โCato Instituteโ (search results), Conservative Transparency. Data retrieved May 28, 2016.
- 74Alan Reynolds. โClimate Change Canโt Excuse Electric Car Subsidies,โ The Daily Caller, April 6, 2016. Archived August 31, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/cQ5YJ
- 75โGlobal Warming,โ Cato Institute. Archived August 30, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/H0svU
- 76โAbout Bjorn Lomborg,โ lomborg.com. Archived August 31, 2016. Archive .is URL: https://archive.is/fObjq
- 77โBoard & Directors,โ Copenhagen Consensus Center. August 31, 2016. Archive .is URL: https://archive.is/YIGod
- 78โThe Paris Climate Agreement Won’t Change the Climate,โ PragerU, January 16, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/qyTKU
- 79โClimate Change: What’s So Alarming?โ PragerU, July 28, 2016. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/3KPjh
- 80โAre Electric Cars Really Green?โ PragerU, February 8, 2016. Archived August 31, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/XxqLd
- 81Bjorn Lomborg. โIs Climate Change Our Biggest Problem?โ PragerU, November 30, 2015. Archived August 31, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/XxqLd
- 82Emily Atkin and Arielle Samuelson. “PragerU says it’s approved in Texas schools. It’s not.” Heated, August 23, 2023. Archived March 25, 2024. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/YZKA1
- 83Emily Atkin and Arielle Samuelson. “PragerU says it’s approved in Texas schools. It’s not.” Heated, August 23, 2023. Archived March 25, 2024. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/YZKA1
- 84Emily Atkin and Arielle Samuelson. “PragerU says it’s approved in Texas schools. It’s not.” Heated, August 23, 2023. Archived March 25, 2024. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/YZKA1
- 85Emily Atkin and Arielle Samuelson. “PragerU says it’s approved in Texas schools. It’s not.” Heated, August 23, 2023. Archived March 25, 2024. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/YZKA1
- 86Emily Atkin and Arielle Samuelson. “PragerU says it’s approved in Texas schools. It’s not.” Heated, August 23, 2023. Archived March 25, 2024. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/YZKA1
- 87Emily Atkin and Arielle Samuelson. “PragerU says it’s approved in Texas schools. It’s not.” Heated, August 23, 2023. Archived March 25, 2024. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/YZKA1
- 88Emily Atkin and Arielle Samuelson. “PragerU says it’s approved in Texas schools. It’s not.” Heated, August 23, 2023. Archived March 25, 2024. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/YZKA1
- 89Emily Atkin and Arielle Samuelson. “PragerU says it’s approved in Texas schools. It’s not.” Heated, August 23, 2023. Archived March 25, 2024. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/YZKA1
- 90Ariel Worthy. “Despite announcement, controversial PragerU curriculum is not part of Texas education, experts say,” Houston Public Media, August 28, 2023. Archived March 25, 2024. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/j1d5C
- 91Alex DeLuca. “Conservative Group PragerU Says Florida Is First State to Approve Its ‘Curriculum’,” Miami New Times, July 24, 2023. Archived February 29, 2024. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/tQiB2
- 92(Press Release). “JDA Worldwide for PragerU,” PragerU. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 93(Press Release). “JDA Worldwide for PragerU,” PragerU. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 94(Press Release). “JDA Worldwide for PragerU,” PragerU. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 95“Leo Baekeland: The Innovator of Modern Plastics,” PragerU, January 27, 2023. Archived .mp4 on file at DeSmog.
- 96Evan Halper. “The plastics industry would like a word with your kids,” The Washington Post, February 14, 2024. Archived March 11, 2024. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/QKqL8
- 97“Leo Baekeland: The Innovator of Modern Plastics,” PragerU, January 27, 2023. Archived .mp4 on file at DeSmog.
- 98“Is There Really a Climate Emergency?” PragerU, October 25, 2021. Archived .mp4 on file at DeSmog.
- 99
- 100
- 101Cameron Wilson. โFacebook Accepted Thousands of Dollars to Promote An Ad Its Own Fact Checkers Had Debunked,โ Buzzfeed.com, January 28, 2020. Archived February 3, 2020. Archive.is URL: http://archive.is/O70ts
- 102Cameron Wilson. โFacebook Accepted Thousands of Dollars to Promote An Ad Its Own Fact Checkers Had Debunked,โ Buzzfeed.com, January 28, 2020. Archived February 3, 2020. Archive.is URL: http://archive.is/O70ts
- 103Mat Hope. โThese Climate Science Deniers are Spreading Misinformation about the Australian Bushfires,โ DeSmog, January 9, 2020.
- 104โ(WATCH) PragerU: What’s the deal with the Green New Deal?,โ YouTube video uploaded by user PragerU on July 29, 2019. Archived .mp4 on file at DeSmog.
- 105โThe Least Diverse Place in America,โ PragerU, April 13, 2017. Archived .mp4 on file at DeSmog.
- 106โContact Us,โ PragerU. Archived August 31, 2017.