NERA Economic Consulting
Background
National Economic Research Associates (NERA) Economic Consulting was co-founded on April 10, 1961 by the late Jules Joskow and by Irwin M. Stelzer, senior fellow and director of the right-wing Hudson Institute’s Center for Economic Policy.
In 2004, Stelzer was described as “right-hand man of Rupert Murdoch,” the CEO of News Corp., which owns Fox News. The two economists were advised by the late Alfred E. Kahn, known as the “Father of Deregulation.”1“History,” NERA economic consulting. Archived June 21, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/JlH7c 2“Irwin M. Stelzer: Senior Fellow,” Hudson Institute. Archived June 21, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/d7oIA 3“Blair’s salad days with Murdoch’s guru,” The Guardian, October 17, 2004. Archived June 21, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/1EZws 4Susan S. Lang. “Economist Alfred Kahn, ‘father of airline deregulation’ and former presidential adviser, dies at 93,” Cornell Chronicle, December 27, 2010. Archived June 21, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/06IL5
NERA describes itself as “a global firm of experts dedicated to applying economic, finance, and quantitative principles to complex business and legal challenges” that creates “strategies, studies, reports, expert testimony, and policy recommendations for government authorities and the world’s leading law firms and corporations.” They boast that 96 of the Fortune 100 largest corporations have been NERA clients.5“NERA Economic Consulting is a global firm of experts dedicated to applying economic, finance, and quantitative principles to complex business and legal challenges,” NERA Economic Consulting. Archived June 21, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/4FUF9
When President Donald Trump announced he was pulling the United States out of the Paris climate agreement, he cited several negative statistics regarding the impact of the climate deal, suggesting a $3 trillion drop in GDP, a loss of 6.5 million jobs, and 86% reduction in coal production. DeSmog traced the roots of Trump’s claims on Paris to a March 2017 report by NERA Economic Consulting. The report had been prepared for the American Council for Capital Formation (ACCF), and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce‘s Institute for 21st Century Energy.6Graham Readfearn. “Tobacco To Fossil Fuels: Tracing the Roots of Trump’s Claims on Paris Climate Deal,” DeSmog, June 1, 2017. 7“Impacts of Greenhouse Gas Regulations On the Industrial Sector” (PDF), NERA Economic Consulting, March 2017.
NERA has a history of working for industry. In the 1990s, NERA carried out a study for the tobacco industry that concluded there wasn’t a link between tobacco advertising and smoking levels.8Graham Readfearn. “Tobacco To Fossil Fuels: Tracing the Roots of Trump’s Claims on Paris Climate Deal,” DeSmog, June 1, 2017.
Fossil Fuel Ties
NERA has produced numerous reports supporting the LNG industry and the coal industry and, the group’s very first clients included “many major combination gas and electric utilities with regulatory problems that extend beyond gas costs.”9“History,” NERA economic consulting. Archived June 21, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/JlH7c
The NERA report Donald Trump cited was also sponsored by the American Council for Capital Formation (ACCF) and the U.S Chamber of Commerce.10“Impacts of Greenhouse Gas Regulations On the Industrial Sector” (PDF), NERA Economic Consulting, March 2017.
The ACCF has accepted millions of dollars in donations from major corporations and industry groups, including ExxonMobil, the American Petroleum Institute and foundations linked to the billionaire petrochemical brothers Charles and David Koch.11“American Council for Capital Formation,” Conservative Transparency. Accessed June 21, 2017.
According to its website, NERA Economic Consulting’s “Practice Areas” include Energy and Environmental Economics. One NERA document details their “Energy” service as follows:12“Energy,” NERA Economic Consulting. Archived June 23, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/9HsEc 13“Environmental Economics,”NERA Economic Consulting. Archived June 23, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/bMMFA
“We work with companies, governmental bodies, and regulators worldwide to design competitive gas and electricity markets and to develop tariffs and rules of access for regulated transmission and distribution systems for electricity, gas, and the transport of oil and oil products.
“With industry restructuring in many countries, we also help companies develop strategies for exploring new opportunities and minimizing new risks, including those related to climate change, environmental regulation, and energy policy. […]”14“Energy,” NERA Economic Consulting, November 13, 2013.
NERA’s History with Tobacco
1994–1995
NERA served as a contractor to Philip Morris against an Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) proposal to implement regulations for smoking on the job, Tobacco Archives documents reveal.15“NATIONAL ECONOMIC RESEARCH ASSOCIATES SUMMARY OF COMMENTS ON OSHA’S ECONOMIC ANALYSES OF RESTRICTIONS ON SMOKING IN THE WORKPLACE,” NERA, December 22, 1995. Retrieved from Truth Tobacco Industry Documents library. Bates No. TI02320757-TI02320768. 16Steve Horn. “Smoke and Mirrors: Obama DOE Fracked Gas Export Study Contractor’s Tobacco Industry Roots,” DeSmog, January 24, 2013.
Dr. Albert L . Nichols of NERA wrote a Dec. 1995 NERA economic study contracted by Philip Morris which critiqued OSHA regulations, describing them as “draconian” in nature, suggesting OSHA relied on “patently ludicrous” economic assumptions. Nichols also testified at the request of Philip Morris.17“MEMORANDUM,” The Tobacco Institute, December 12, 1994. Retrieved from Truth Tobacco Industry Documents library. Bates No. TI31780741-TI31780742.
In a Feb. 1995 Associated Press article, Nichols was also quoted saying that cigarette sales in Maryland “could fall by $27 million” on an annual basis if the regulations are implemented.18“HEALTH SECRETARY BACKS SMOKING BAN,” The Prince George’s Journal, February 28, 1995. Retrieved from Truth Tobacco Industry Documents library. Bates No. TI17181690.
1990–1992
A search of the Truth Tobacco Industry Documents Library reveals that on December 19, 1990, NERA released a report on advertising in the tobacco industry.19Bernard J. Reddy. “Does Advertising Affect Cigarette Consumption? A Critical Review of the Literature,” N/E/R/A, December 19, 1990. Retrieved from Truth Tobacco Industry documents library. Bates No. 2500081233-2500081586.
According to the report’s introduction, its purpose was to review “the publicly available econometric literature regarding the question of whether cigarette advertising affects cigarette consumption.” It concludes by quoting another study, which stated that “advertising bans in the broadcast media have had virtually no effect on per capita consumption.”20Bernard J. Reddy. “Does Advertising Affect Cigarette Consumption? A Critical Review of the Literature,” N/E/R/A, December 19, 1990. Retrieved from Truth Tobacco Industry documents library. Bates No. 2500081233-2500081586.
NERA produced another study in January 1992 titled “Advertising and Cigarette Consumption: Is the Literature All Smoke?” that similarly concluded that “No well-executed studies support either the view that advertising increases overall cigarette consumption or the view that advertising increases cigarette market share.”21Bernard J. Reddy. “Advertising and Cigarette Consumption: Is the Literature All Smoke?” N/E/R/A, December 19, 1990. Retrieved from Truth Tobacco Industry documents library. Bates No. 2500081194-2500081230.
A January, 1991 memo from former Philip Morris employee Cynthia von Maerestetten describes the first NERA study as “the single best and most solid piece of work on the subject (by the bad guys or the good guys) to date.” She adds that “It should be particularly helpful in areas where the New Zealand Toxic Substances Review Board Report has been used with and by government sto justify ad ban proposals.”22“MEMORANDUM: NERA Study,” January 25, 1991. Retrieved from Truth Tobacco Industry Documents library. Bates No. 2500081231-2500081232.
While details on who commissioned the report are not obviously disclosed, Maerestetten writes in the memo that “Essentially, you (PMI) own it and can distribute it publicly/privately in any way you see fit.”
1990
NERA worked to fight against proposed Restaurant Smoking Bans in Los Angeles county in 1990, working with PR firm Ogilvy-Mather and the Tobacco Institute, according to archived tobacco industry documents.23“GROUP MEETING/UPDATE,” August 17, 1990. Retrieved from Truth Tobacco Industry Documents library. Bates No. 2500081231-2500081232.
1986
NERA’s tobacco connections extend back at least to 1986, where a memo from NERA’s then-vice-president William B. Shew addressed to Arnold & Porter attorney Thomas Silfen says the tobacco industry should aim to explain the so-called health “benefits” of smoking.24Bill Shew. “Costs & Benefits of Smoking,” N/E/R/A, May 30, 1986. Retrieved from Truth Tobacco Industry Documents library. Bates No. 515656580-515656598 25Steve Horn. “Smoke and Mirrors: Obama DOE Fracked Gas Export Study Contractor’s Tobacco Industry Roots,” DeSmog, January 24, 2013.
“The individual weights the benefits of smoking against the costs,” the memo reads. “Smoking does not pose immediate health hazards; rather, any adverse consequences occur only after a substantial lag.”
At the time of the memo, Arnold & Porter served as national counsel for Philip Morris.
Stance on Climate Change
2012
According to a NERA Economic Consulting document on Climate Change, with a PDF creation date of September, 2012:26“At a Glance: Climate Change” (PDF), NERA Economic Consulting. September, 2012.
“Greenhouse gas emissions and climate change are increasingly important concerns for governments and businesses across the globe. As governments move to enact policies and regulations that will curtail greenhouse gas emissions, firms must understand and prepare for the possibility of a reduced greenhouse gas future. NERA’s understanding of market structure, regulatory incentives, and the economic instruments relevant to most climate change policies can form a key component of firm and industry strategies for dealing with greenhouse gas challenges.”27“At a Glance: Climate Change” (PDF), NERA Economic Consulting. September, 2012.
Funding
According to its website, “NERA has worked with all 100 of the American Lawyer Global 100 largest law firms” and “96 of the Fortune 100 largest corporations have been NERA clients.”28“NERA Economic Consulting is a global firm of experts dedicated to applying economic, finance, and quantitative principles to complex business and legal challenges,” NERA Economic Consulting. Archived June 21, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/4FUF9
While the company does not list their clients, some of their major clients are detailed on its history page and include:29“History,” NERA economic consulting. Archived June 21, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/JlH7c
- AT&T
- “major combination gas and electric utilities”
- NYSE
- “work involving the Arab oil embargo and various government and private entities in the US energy sector”
- Atomic Energy Commission
- “several large M&A cases such as Mead/Occidental”
- South California Edison
- Major League Baseball Players Association
- Enron
- WorldCom
Key People
NERA “Experts”
The following “Experts” were listed on the NERA website between 1997 and 2017.
Name | 1997 | 1998 | 2003 | 2004 | 2017 | Description |
Agustin Ros | Y | Y | ||||
Airat Chanyshev | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Alan (Jeff) Daskin | Y | Y | ||||
Alan Cox | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Managing Director. Chair of NERA’s Intellectual Property Practice |
Alan Daskin | Y | Y | Senior Consultant, White Plains | |||
Alan E. Finder | Y | Affiliated Industry Expert | ||||
Alan Grant | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Albert (Nick) Nichols | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Alejandro Requejo | Y | Y | ||||
Alex Richardson | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Alexander Voegele | Y | Affiiated Consultant | ||||
Alexandre Carbonnel | Y | Consultant | ||||
Alfred E. Kahn | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Algis Remeza | Y | Y | ||||
Alison Oldale | Y | Y | ||||
Alon Carmel | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Alyssa Lutz | Y | Y | Y | Affiiated Consultant | ||
Amanda Pletz | Y | Associate Director | ||||
Amity Swank | Y | Y | ||||
Amparo Nieto | Y | Y | Y | Associate Director | ||
Andrej Juris | Y | Y | ||||
Andrew Carron | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Chairman |
Andrew Homewood | Y | Y | ||||
Andrew Joskow | Y | Y | Y | Y | Affiiated Consultant | |
Angela Pachon | Y | Y | ||||
Aniruddha Banerjee | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Ann Whitfield | Y | Y | ||||
Anne E. Smith | Y | Managing Director. Co-Chair, Environment Practice | ||||
Anne Gron | Y | Managing Director | ||||
Anne Layne-Farrar | Y | Y | ||||
Anthony Yezer | Y | Special Consultant, Cambridge | ||||
Antoinette (Toni) Pincott | Y | Managing Director | ||||
Atilano Jorge Padilla | Y | Director, Brussels, Madrid and Rome | ||||
Bastian Gottschling | Y | Principal | ||||
Becky Stuttard | Y | Y | ||||
Benjamin Chee | Y | Director | ||||
Bernard Reddy | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Bernard Shull | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Bob Grabham | Y | Y | ||||
Bradley A. Heys | Y | Director | ||||
Bruce Grundy | Y | Y | Special Consultant, White Plains | |||
Bruce Netschert | Y | Y | Special Consultant, Washington D.C. | |||
Bruno Soria | Y | Associate Director | ||||
Bryan Ray | Y | Y | Y | Associate Director | ||
Bryan Tomlin | Y | Affiliated Academic | ||||
Cagatay Koc | Y | Y | ||||
Carl Peterson | Y | Y | Y | Affiiated Consultant | ||
Carlo Scarpa | Y | Affiliated Academic | ||||
Carlos Pabon-Agudelo | Y | Y | ||||
Carol Osborne | Y | Y | ||||
Cesar Herrera | Y | Y | ||||
Chantale LaCasse | Y | Y | Y | Managing Director | ||
Charles Zarkadas | Y | Y | Y | |||
Chetan Sanghvi | Y | Managing Director | ||||
Christian Dippon | Y | Y | Y | Managing Director. Chair of NERA’s Global Energy, Environment, Communications & Infrastructure Practice | ||
Christine Meyer | Y | Y | ||||
Christine Siegwarth Meyer | Y | Managing Director | ||||
Christopher Erath | Y | Y | ||||
Christopher Vellturo | Y | Y | Vice President, Cambridge | |||
Chudozie Okongwu | Y | Y | Y | Managing Director | ||
Cindy W. Ma | Y | Y | ||||
Clara Segurola | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Collin Cain | Y | Y | ||||
Craig Merrill | Y | Y | ||||
Dana Heller | Y | |||||
Daniel Abrams | Y | Y | ||||
Daniel Garcia Swartz | Y | Y | ||||
Daniel LaGattuta | Y | Y | ||||
Daniel Radov | Y | Y | Y | Director | ||
Daniel Whitaker | Y | Y | ||||
Dante Quaglione | Y | Y | ||||
David Babbel | Y | Y | ||||
David Blackburn | Y | Director | ||||
David Blanchflower | Y | Y | Y | |||
David Ellis | Y | Y | ||||
David Evans | Y | Y | Y | Senior Vice President, Cambridge, Chicago, and Brussels | ||
David Graham | Y | Associate Director | ||||
David Harrison | Y | Y | Vice President, Cambridge | |||
David Harrison Jr. | Y | Y | Y | Managing Director. Co-Chair, Environment Practice | ||
David Hough | Y | Y | ||||
David Lewis | Y | Y | ||||
David M. Boonin | Y | Affiliated Industry Expert | ||||
David Matthew | Y | Y | ||||
David Monk | Y | Associate Director | ||||
David Monk Jr. | Y | Y | ||||
David Sevy | Y | Y | ||||
David Squires | Y | Y | ||||
David Sunding | Y | Senior Consultant, San Francisco | ||||
David Tabak | Y | Y | Y | Managing Director | ||
Denise Martin | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Denise Neumann Martin | Y | Managing Director | ||||
Dennis Colenutt | Y | Y | Y | Affiiated Consultant | ||
Dirk van Leeuwen | Y | Y | Y | Senior Consultant | ||
Dominik Hübler | Y | Principal | ||||
Drew Claxton | Y | Y | Y | Associate Director | ||
Edward Bramley-Harker | Y | Y | ||||
Edward Kahn | Y | Y | Vice President, San Francisco | |||
Edward Kee | Y | Affiiated Consultant | ||||
Elaine Buckberg | Y | Y | ||||
Elena Zoido | Y | Y | ||||
Elizabeth Bailey | Y | Y | ||||
Elizabeth M. Bailey | Y | Affiliated Academic | ||||
Elizabeth Newlon | Y | Associate Director | ||||
Elizabeth Xiao-Ru Wang | Y | Y | ||||
Emily Bulman | Y | Y | ||||
Emmanuel Llinares | Y | Managing Director. Head of Global Transfer Pricing | ||||
Enese Lieb-Doczy | Y | Y | ||||
Enrique Torres-Correa | Y | Y | ||||
Erik Sleutjes | Y | Y | ||||
Erin McHugh | Y | Associate Director | ||||
Esther Parker | Y | Y | ||||
Eugene Ericksen | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Affiliated Academic |
Eugene Meehan | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Affiiated Consultant |
Fabrizio Hernandez | Y | Y | ||||
Fabrizio Hernández | Y | Managing Director | ||||
Faten Sabry | Y | Y | Y | Managing Director. Bankruptcy Practice Chair | ||
Federica Maiorano | Y | Y | ||||
Fernando Avalos | Y | Y | ||||
Fernando Barrera | Y | Y | ||||
Francesco Lo Passo | Y | Y | ||||
Frank Douglass | Y | Y | ||||
Frank P. Maier-Rigaud | Y | Managing Director. Head of Competition Economics Europe | ||||
Fred Dunbar | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
G. Steven Olley | Y | Y | ||||
Gabriella Monahova | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Garrett Glasgow | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Gary Dorman | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Gary Lambert | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
George Anstey | Y | Associate Director | ||||
George Korenko | Y | Y | ||||
Georgi Tsvetkov | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Georgina Martinez | Y | Y | ||||
Gideon Koch | Y | Y | ||||
Glenn R. George | Y | Managing Director | ||||
Gordon Hughes | Y | Y | ||||
Gordon MacKerron | Y | Y | ||||
Graeme Hunter | Y | Y | Managing Director | |||
Graham Hadley | Y | Y | ||||
Graham Houston | Y | Y | ||||
Graham Shuttleworth | Y | Y | Y | Affiiated Consultant | ||
Grant Saggers | Y | Associate Director | ||||
Greg Houston | Y | Y | ||||
Gregory Duncan | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Guillaume Madelpuech | Y | Principal | ||||
Guillermo Lozano Branger | Y | Y | ||||
Hamish Fraser | Y | Y | Y | Affiiated Consultant | ||
Hans-Martin Ihle | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Harlow Higinbotham | Y | Y | Y | Managing Director | ||
Harold Ware | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Healey Whitsett | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Hethie Parmesano | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Affiiated Consultant |
Hiroaki Ishigaki | Y | Managing Director | ||||
Howard Chang | Y | Y | ||||
Howard Kitt | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Ian Jones | Y | Y | ||||
Ignacio Franceschelli | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Ignacio Vizcaino | Y | Y | ||||
Inmaculada Gutierrez | Y | Y | ||||
Isabelle McKenzie | Y | Y | ||||
Ivelina Velikova | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
J. Douglas Zona | Y | Senior Consultant, White Plains | ||||
J. Howard Beales, III | Y | Affiliated Academic | ||||
Jaime D’Almeida | Y | Consultant, Cambridge | ||||
James Brickley | Y | Y | ||||
James Dougherty | Y | Y | ||||
James Forcier | Y | Senior Consultant, San Francisco | ||||
James Grayburn | Y | Y | Y | Associate Director | ||
James Jordan | Y | Y | Y | Affiiated Consultant | ||
James Mellsop | Y | Managing Director | ||||
James Overdahl | Y | Affiliated Industry Expert | ||||
Jan Peter van der Veer | Y | Y | ||||
Janusz Mrozek | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Jason Hong | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Jason Zeitler | Y | Y | ||||
Jeanne Lubek | Y | Y | Y | Director | ||
Jeff D. Makholm | Y | Managing Director | ||||
Jeff Makholm | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Jeff Youngen | Y | Y | ||||
Jeffrey A. Bloczynski | Y | Y | ||||
Jeffrey A. Eisenach | Y | Managing Director. Co-Chair, Communications, Media, and Internet Practice | ||||
Jeffrey L. Baliban | Y | Y | ||||
Jennifer Cascone Fauver | Y | Associate Director | ||||
Jennifer Chen | Y | Y | ||||
Jeremy Stein | Y | Y | ||||
Jerome Hass | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Jerry Arnold | Y | Affiliated Academic | ||||
Jesse David | Y | Y | ||||
Jim Rollo | Y | Y | ||||
Jin Park | Y | Y | ||||
Joel Simkins | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
John Dodgson | Y | Y | ||||
John Gaisford | Y | Y | Senior Consultant, Los Angeles | |||
John Garvey | Y | Managing Director | ||||
John H. Johnson IV | Y | Y | ||||
John Montgomery | Y | Y | ||||
John Prather Brown | Y | Y | ||||
John Rhys | Y | Y | ||||
John Scalf | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
John Sepple | Y | Y | Vice President, Washington D.C. | |||
John Thanassoulis | Y | Y | ||||
Jon Stern | Y | Y | ||||
Jon Wainwright | Y | Y | Y | Managing Director | ||
Jonathan Falk | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Associate Director |
Jordan Milev | Y | Associate Director | ||||
Jorge Baez | Y | Associate Director | ||||
Jorge Fernandez | Y | Y | ||||
Jorge Sanz | Y | Associate Director | ||||
Jose Maria Rodriguez Ovejero | Y | Y | ||||
Joseph Cook | Y | Y | ||||
Joseph Crespo | Y | Y | ||||
Joseph Eckert | Y | Y | Vice President, Washington D.C. | |||
Juan Carlos Ortigas | Y | Y | Y | Associate Director | ||
Judith Greenman | Y | Y | Senior Vice President, White Plains | |||
Jules Joskow | Y | Y | Y | Y | Former President. | |
Julio Garcia-Cobos | Y | Y | ||||
Karen Frazer | Y | Y | ||||
Karl McDermott | Y | Y | Y | Affiliated Academic | ||
Kate Foreman | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Kathleen (Kathy) King | Y | Y | ||||
Kazuto Yamashiro | Y | Y | ||||
Ken Serwin | Y | Y | ||||
Kenneth Froot | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Kenneth Gordon | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Kenneth Train | Y | Y | Y | Associate Director | ||
Kent Anderson | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Kent Van Liere | Y | Managing Director | ||||
Kevin Counsell | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Kristin Terris | Y | Associate Director | ||||
Kristina Sepetys | Y | Y | Y | |||
Kristopher A. Boushie | Y | Associate Director | ||||
Kurt Strunk | Y | Y | Director | |||
L. Alan Winters | Y | Y | ||||
Laura Brien | Y | Senior Consultant, San Francisco | ||||
Laura T. W. Olive | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Lauren Stiroh | Y | Y | Y | Managing Director. Chair of NERA’s Global Antitrust and Competition Practice | ||
Lawrence Wu | Y | Y | Y | President | ||
Leonard Waverman | Y | Y | ||||
Leonardo Giacchino | Y | Y | ||||
Lewis Evans | Y | Affiliated Academic | ||||
Linda McLaughlin | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Affiiated Consultant |
Lisa Correa | Y | Y | ||||
Louis Guth | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Lucy Eyre | Y | Y | ||||
Lucy P. Allen | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Managing Director |
Luisa Affuso | Y | Y | ||||
Marc Ivaldi | Y | Affiliated Academic | ||||
Marcella Fantini | Y | Y | ||||
Marcelo Rabinovich | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Marcia Kramer Mayer | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Managing Director |
Marco Schönborn | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Marion Stewart | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Mark Berkman | Y | Y | Vice President, San Francisco | |||
Mark L. Berenblut | Y | Affiiated Consultant | ||||
Mark Williams | Y | Y | ||||
Marta Moro | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Martin Siner | Y | Y | ||||
Mary Elizabeth C. Stern | Y | Y | Y | Director | ||
Mary Starks | Y | Y | ||||
Matthew Evans | Y | Y | ||||
Melissa Pittaoulis | Y | Associate Director | ||||
Michael Baye | Y | Affiliated Academic | ||||
Michael Buckland | Y | Y | ||||
Michael Gorman | Y | Y | ||||
Michael Noel | Y | Y | ||||
Michael Quinn | Y | Y | Senior Consultant, Cambridge | |||
Michael Rosenzweig | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Affiiated Consultant |
Michael Salinger | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Michael Spackman | Y | Y | Y | Affiiated Consultant | ||
Michael Tennican | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Mike King | Y | Y | Y | Affiiated Consultant | ||
Monica Gandolfi | Y | Y | ||||
Nadia Soboleva | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Nadine Watson | Y | Y | ||||
Naoya Kaneko | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Nathan Blalock | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Nathan Larson | Y | Y | ||||
Neil Dryden | Y | Y | ||||
Nicola Tosini | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Nigel Attenborough | Y | Y | Y | Affiliated Industry Expert | ||
Nihan Mert-Beydilli | Y | Y | Y | Associate Director | ||
Nina Shore | Y | Y | ||||
Nobuo Mori | Y | Y | ||||
Oksana Kitaychik | Y | Associate Director | ||||
Oscar Arnedillo | Y | Y | Y | Managing Director | ||
Pana Della Valle | Y | Y | Senior Consultant, New York City | |||
Paola Valenti | Y | Y | ||||
Patrick Conroy | Y | Y | Y | Managing Director. Chair of NERA’s Securities and Finance Practice | ||
Patrick Smith | Y | Y | ||||
Paul Bernstein | Y | Associate Director | ||||
Paul Brandon | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Paul Griffin | Y | Y | Special Consultant, San Francisco | |||
Paul Hinton | Y | Y | ||||
Paul Hofer | Y | Y | ||||
Paul Joskow | Y | Y | Special Consultant, Cambridge | |||
Paul Wertheim | Y | Affiliated Academic | ||||
Paul Wong | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Pedro Luis Sanchez | Y | Y | ||||
Pedro Posada | Y | Associate Director | ||||
Perry Sioshansi | Y | Senior Consultant, San Francisco | ||||
Peter Abegg | Y | Y | ||||
Peter Boenisch | Y | Senior Consultant/Principal | ||||
Peter Goate | Y | Y | ||||
Peter Griffes | Y | Y | Senior Consultant, San Francisco | |||
Peter Max | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Philip de Homont | Y | Associate Director | ||||
Philip Kalmus | Y | Y | ||||
Phillip Beutel | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Phillip Winterfeldt | Y | Y | ||||
Phoebus Dhrymes | Y | Y | ||||
Pieter (Pim) Fris | Y | Y | ||||
Pim Fris | Y | Affiiated Consultant | ||||
Pinar Bagci | Y | Y | ||||
Rachel Goodyer | Y | Y | ||||
Ramsey Shehadeh | Y | Y | Y | Managing Director | ||
Ramzi Zein | Y | Y | ||||
Raymund Wong | Y | Associate Director | ||||
Rebecca Billings | Y | Associate Director | ||||
Richard Bergin | Y | Y | ||||
Richard Druce | Y | Associate Director | ||||
Richard Hern | Y | Y | Y | Managing Director | ||
Richard J. Eichmann | Y | Director | ||||
Richard Marsden | Y | Managing Director | ||||
Richard Rapp | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Richard Rozek | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Richard Schmalensee | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Robert (Russ) O’Haver | Y | Y | ||||
Robert Hahn | Y | Y | ||||
Robert Kneuper | Y | Y | Senior Consultant, Washington D.C. | |||
Robert Mackay | Y | Y | Y | Affiiated Consultant | ||
Robert Patton | Y | Associate Director | ||||
Robert Petersen | Y | Y | Senior Consultant, San Francisco | |||
Robert Porter | Y | Y | Special Consultant, White Plains | |||
Robert Rubinovitz | Y | Y | ||||
Robert Southern | Y | Managing Director | ||||
Rocio Concha | Y | Y | ||||
Rodney Frame | Y | Vice President, Washington D.C. | ||||
Ron Miller | Y | Senior Consultant, New York | ||||
Sally Hunt | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Sandra Ringelstetter Ennis | Y | Chief Operating Officer. Managing Director | ||||
Sarah Butler | Y | Y | Y | Managing Director | ||
Sarah Voll | Y | Y | ||||
Satoshi Nakashima | Y | |||||
Saul Estrin | Y | Y | ||||
Scott J. Bloomberg | Y | Associate Director | ||||
Scott Thomas | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Sean Gammons | Y | Y | Y | Managing Director | ||
Sébastien Gonnet | Y | Director | ||||
Sharon Brown-Hruska | Y | Director | ||||
Shuchi Satwah | Y | Y | ||||
Simeon Thornton | Y | Y | ||||
Soren Tang Sorensen | Y | Associate Director | ||||
Sorin M. Sorescu | Y | Affiliated Academic | ||||
Sourav Chatterjee | Y | Y | ||||
Stefan Berger | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Stefan Boettrich | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Stephanie Demperio | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Stephanie Plancich | Y | Y | Y | Associate Director | ||
Stephen Gibson | Y | Y | ||||
Stephen Powell | Y | Y | ||||
Stephen St. Marie | Y | Y | Senior Consultant, San Francisco | |||
Stephen Usher | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Steven Bloom | Y | Senior Consultant, New York City | ||||
Steven Schwartz | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Stuart Gabriel | Y | Y | Y | |||
Stuart Holder | Y | Y | ||||
Stuart L. Harshbarger | Y | Director | ||||
Subramaniam (Subbu) Ramanarayanan | Y | Associate Director | ||||
Sugandha D. Tuladhar | Y | Associate Director | ||||
Sumanth Addanki | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Managing Director |
Svetlana Starykh | Y | Y | Y | Senior Consultant | ||
Takefumi Suzuki | Y | Y | ||||
Tamane Ozeki | Y | Consultant, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo | ||||
Thilo Klein | Y | Y | ||||
Thomas Bornholdt | Y | Y | ||||
Thomas L. Porter | Y | Y | ||||
Thomas McCarthy | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Managing Director. Health Care Practice Chair |
Tilling Lee | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Tim Booer | Y | Y | ||||
Timothy Daniel | Y | Y | ||||
Timothy McKenna | Y | Associate Director | ||||
Timothy P. Daniel | Y | Vice President, Washington D.C. | ||||
Timothy Tardiff | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Timothy Watts | Y | Director | ||||
Todd Foster | Y | Y | ||||
Todd Morrison | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Affiiated Consultant |
Tom Braukmann | Y | Principal | ||||
Tom Hird | Y | Y | ||||
Tomas Haug | Y | Director | ||||
Tsuruhiko Nambu | Y | Y | ||||
Tsvetan Beloreshki | Y | Y | ||||
Ulrich Schwalbe | Y | Affiliated Academic | ||||
Vakhtang Kvekvetsia | Y | Y | Y | Associate Director | ||
Vernon Noronha | Y | Y | ||||
Veronica Irastorza | Y | Associate Director | ||||
Victor Goldberg | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Affiliated Academic |
Victor Miesel | Y | Y | ||||
Vinita Juneja | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Managing Director. Chair of NERA’s White Collar, Investigations and Enforcement Practice |
Vladimir Starkov | Y | Associate Director | ||||
W. David Montgomery | Y | Affiiated Consultant | ||||
W. Kip Viscusi | Y | Y | Y | |||
Walter Surratt | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Wayne Olson | Y | Y | ||||
William Baker | Y | Y | Y | Affiiated Consultant | ||
William P. Hrycay | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
William Rankin | Y | Y | ||||
William S. Taylor | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
William Taylor | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Willis Geffert | Y | Senior Consultant | ||||
Yogesh Sharma | Y | Y | ||||
Yuko Saito | Y | Associate Director | ||||
Zava Aydemir | Y | Y |
Actions
March 2017
NERA’s report, “Impacts of Greenhouse Gas Regulations On the Industrial Sector,” would go on to be cited by Donald Trump supporting his decision to withdraw the U.S. from the Paris Climate Agreement.30“Impacts of Greenhouse Gas Regulations On the Industrial Sector” (PDF), NERA Economic Consulting, March 2017.
According to a fact check at Politifact, the statistics should be taken “with a grain of salt.” A separate team of professors, economists, and scientists at Climate Feedback had reviewed the study after it was previously cited by failed Republican Presidential candidate (and climate science denier) Ted Cruz. A majority of the reviewers found the study was “biased, inaccurate, misleading.”31Jon Greenberg. “Fact-checking Donald Trump’s statement withdrawing from the Paris climate agreement,” Politifact, June 1, 2017. Archived June 21, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/927su 32“In Paris Agreement op-ed, US Senator Ted Cruz misrepresents the costs and benefits of reducing greenhouse gas emissions,” Climate Feedback, May 31, 2017. Archived June 21, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/tyXBj
A fact check of Donald Trump’s speech by Associated Press, where he cited the NERA study, points out:33“AP fact check: Trump’s shaky claims on climate accord,” Daily Herald, June 2, 2017. Archived June 21, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/u4AW5
“The study makes worst-case assumptions that may inflate the cost of meeting U.S. targets under the Paris accord while largely ignoring the economic benefits to U.S. businesses from building and operating renewable energy projects.
Academic studies have found that increased environmental regulation doesn’t actually have much impact on employment. Jobs lost at polluting companies tend to be offset by new jobs in green technology.”34“AP fact check: Trump’s shaky claims on climate accord,” Daily Herald, June 2, 2017. Archived June 21, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/u4AW5
September 9, 2014
As DeSmog reported, NERA Consulting was behind one of several reports that the Government Accountability Office (GAO) reviewed before reaching its final conclusion pushing for a lifting of the oil eport ban.35Justin Mikulka. “Government Accountability Office Report on Oil Export Ban Based On Industry-Funded Studies,” DeSmog, November 15, 2014.
NERA’s report, titled “Economic Benefits of Lifting the Crude Oil Export Ban,” was prepared for the Brookings Institute. Page 95 of the report presents a simplified cost benefit analysis regarding CO2 emissions:36“Economic Benefits of Lifting the Crude Oil Export Ban,” NERA Consulting, September 9, 2014.
“Considering the latest guidance from the U.S. EPA on the social cost of carbon is estimated to be $30 per ton of CO2, the costs of using an oil export ban as a means of limiting emissions are 30 to 45 times as large as the benefits.”37“Economic Benefits of Lifting the Crude Oil Export Ban,” NERA Consulting, September 9, 2014.
July 29, 2014
W. David Montgomery, Senior Vice President at NERA Economic Consulting, submitted testimony before the United States Senate on “The Economic and Budgetary Consequences of Climate Change.”38“Prepared Testimony of W. David Montgomery, Ph.D. Submitted to the Committee on the Budget United States Senate. The Costs of Inaction: The Economic and Budgetary Consequences of Climate Chang,” NERA Consulting, July 29, 2014.
In his testimony, Montgomery suggests a strategy of adaption and contends that reducing U.S. emissions would have a “paltry difference” in global warming:39“Prepared Testimony of W. David Montgomery, Ph.D. Submitted to the Committee on the Budget United States Senate. The Costs of Inaction: The Economic and Budgetary Consequences of Climate Chang,” NERA Consulting, July 29, 2014.
“It is true that most of the damage from climate change will not occur in the U.S. but rather in poor countries in equatorial regions – in other words, in regions where failed states, rapacious dictators, and ethnic and religious violence are endemic. The paltry difference in global warming that the US can make by reducing emissions will not help those countries. I believe that we have both a national interest and moral obligation to provide effective, community based aid to those countries to assist them in adaptation.”40“Prepared Testimony of W. David Montgomery, Ph.D. Submitted to the Committee on the Budget United States Senate. The Costs of Inaction: The Economic and Budgetary Consequences of Climate Chang,” NERA Consulting, July 29, 2014.
February 17, 2013
NERA Economic Consulting produced a report for the National Assocation of Manufacturers (NAM) on the “Economic Outcomes of a U.S. Carbon Tax.” The 2013 study was later cited on July 10, 2015 by Jay Timmons, CEO of the National Association of Manufactures (NAM), in a a letter to the editor in the Wall Street Journal responding to an opinion piece discussing Senator Chuck Schumer’s (D-NY) support for a carbon tax.41“Economic Outcomes of a U.S. Carbon Tax” (PDF), NERA Economic Consulting, February 17, 2013. 42“WSJ REACTION: ‘ECONOMIC OUTCOMES OF A U.S. CARBON TAX’,” Partnership for Responsible Growth, July 21, 2015. Archived June 22, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/U8ehY
According to the Partnership For Responsible Growth, the study “is flawed in both design and interpretation. It finds that any revenue raised by a carbon tax would be outweighed by the economic cost. This is simply false.”
The Partnership article adds, “NAM’s report is misleading at best — at worst, it is a political tool they use to turn attention away from the positive merits that a carbon fee could bring the country.”43“WSJ REACTION: ‘ECONOMIC OUTCOMES OF A U.S. CARBON TAX’,” Partnership for Responsible Growth, July 21, 2015. Archived June 22, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/U8ehY
The NAM/NERA report determines that GDP would be reduced by about $97 billion in 2023 if the $20/ton tax was implemented. In the case of the 80 percent reduction in emissions, the report found GDP would be cut by $1.4 trillion by 2053.44“WSJ REACTION: ‘ECONOMIC OUTCOMES OF A U.S. CARBON TAX’,” Partnership for Responsible Growth, July 21, 2015. Archived June 22, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/U8ehY
November 19, 2012
As revealed by Reuters and reported at DeSmog, NERA Economic Consulting was the third party contractor behind a 2011 report written on behalf of the American Coalition for Clean Coal Electricity (ACCCE). The ACCCE report concluded that “clean-air rules proposed by the Obama administration would cost utilities $17.8 billion annually and raise electricity rates 11.5 percent on average in 2016.”45“US LNG exports study conducted by NERA Economic Consulting-sources,” Reuters, November 19, 2012. Archived June 20, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/s6fAC“Revealed: NERAF Economic Consulting is Third Party Contractor for DOE LNG Export Study,” DeSmog, November 19, 2012. 46“New Analysis Finds EPA’s Power Plant Regulations Would Increase Electricity Costs; Lose Jobs,” America’s Power, June 8, 2011. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/ivocX
According to the full NLG study’s “key findings,” the U.S. was projected to “gain net economic benefits from allowing LNG exports. Moreover, for every one of the market scenarios examined, net economic benefit increased as the level of LNG exports increased.”47“Macroeconomic Impacts of LNG Exports from the United States” (PDF), NERA Economic Consulting, December 3, 2012.
March 1, 2012
NERA Economic Consulting published a report titled “An Economic Impact Analysis of EPA’s Mercury and Air Toxic Standards Rule” which supported the coal industry’s claim that the EPA’s Mercury and Air Toxics Standards (MATS) Rule would cost the U.S. tens of billions of dollars and “kill” 180,000-215,000 jobs.48“An Economic Impact Analysis of EPA’s Mercury and Air Toxics Standards Rule,” NERA Economic Consulting, March 1, 2012.
Those same figures were picked up and cited by prominent climate change denier U.S. Sen. James Inhofe (R-OK) in June of 2012 when he spoke against President Barack Obama’s so-called “war on coal,” as well as by the Republican Policy Committee in a May 2012 paper titled, “Obama’s War on Coal.”49“Inhofe: Senate Will Vote in Next Two Weeks on Effort to Stop Obama War on Coal,” U.S. Senate Committee on Environment & Public Works, June 4, 2012. Archived June 8, 2012. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/iEkvJ“Obama’s War on Coal,” Senate Republican Policy Committee, May 15, 2012. Archived June 21, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/Keu8Q
April 29, 2010
NERA published a letter to the New York Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) to protest the prospective closure of the Indian Point Nuclear Power Plants.50“New York State Department of Environmental Conservation,” NERA Economic Consulting, April 29, 2010. Retrieved from New York Depatment of Environmental Conservation.
Related Organizations
NERA Economic Consulting’s parent company is the Oliver Wyman Group, which is in turn a child company of the Marsh & McLellan Companies group. Marsh & McLellan Companies include:51“MARSH & McLENNAN COMPANIES (NYSE: MMC) ,” NERA Economic Consulting. Archived June 23, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/pyOtF
- Marsh
- Guy Carpenter
- Mercer
- Oliver Wyman Group
- Oliver Wyman
- Lippincott
- NERA Economic Consulting
Contact & Address
NERA Economic Consulting’s “Global Headquarters” is listed as follows. NERA also maintains over 25 offices in North America, Europe, and Asia Pacific.52“Our global team of more than 500 professionals operates in more than 25 offices.” NERA Economic Consulting. Archived June 23, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/gNJrn
NERA Economic Consulting
1166 Avenue of the Americas
29th Floor
New York, NY 10036
USA
P: +1 212 345 3000
F: +1 212 345 4650
Social Media
- NERA Economic Consulting (@NERA_Economics) on Twitter
- NERA Economic Consulting on YouTube.
Other Resources
- Steve Horn. “Congressmen Supporting LNG Exports Received $11.5 Million From Big Oil, Electric Utilities,” DeSmog, January 29, 2013.
- “National Economic Research Associates,” SourceWatch. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/B3HYq
Resources
- 1“History,” NERA economic consulting. Archived June 21, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/JlH7c
- 2“Irwin M. Stelzer: Senior Fellow,” Hudson Institute. Archived June 21, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/d7oIA
- 3“Blair’s salad days with Murdoch’s guru,” The Guardian, October 17, 2004. Archived June 21, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/1EZws
- 4Susan S. Lang. “Economist Alfred Kahn, ‘father of airline deregulation’ and former presidential adviser, dies at 93,” Cornell Chronicle, December 27, 2010. Archived June 21, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/06IL5
- 5“NERA Economic Consulting is a global firm of experts dedicated to applying economic, finance, and quantitative principles to complex business and legal challenges,” NERA Economic Consulting. Archived June 21, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/4FUF9
- 6Graham Readfearn. “Tobacco To Fossil Fuels: Tracing the Roots of Trump’s Claims on Paris Climate Deal,” DeSmog, June 1, 2017.
- 7“Impacts of Greenhouse Gas Regulations On the Industrial Sector” (PDF), NERA Economic Consulting, March 2017.
- 8Graham Readfearn. “Tobacco To Fossil Fuels: Tracing the Roots of Trump’s Claims on Paris Climate Deal,” DeSmog, June 1, 2017.
- 9“History,” NERA economic consulting. Archived June 21, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/JlH7c
- 10“Impacts of Greenhouse Gas Regulations On the Industrial Sector” (PDF), NERA Economic Consulting, March 2017.
- 11“American Council for Capital Formation,” Conservative Transparency. Accessed June 21, 2017.
- 12“Energy,” NERA Economic Consulting. Archived June 23, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/9HsEc
- 13“Environmental Economics,”NERA Economic Consulting. Archived June 23, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/bMMFA
- 14“Energy,” NERA Economic Consulting, November 13, 2013.
- 15“NATIONAL ECONOMIC RESEARCH ASSOCIATES SUMMARY OF COMMENTS ON OSHA’S ECONOMIC ANALYSES OF RESTRICTIONS ON SMOKING IN THE WORKPLACE,” NERA, December 22, 1995. Retrieved from Truth Tobacco Industry Documents library. Bates No. TI02320757-TI02320768.
- 16Steve Horn. “Smoke and Mirrors: Obama DOE Fracked Gas Export Study Contractor’s Tobacco Industry Roots,” DeSmog, January 24, 2013.
- 17“MEMORANDUM,” The Tobacco Institute, December 12, 1994. Retrieved from Truth Tobacco Industry Documents library. Bates No. TI31780741-TI31780742.
- 18“HEALTH SECRETARY BACKS SMOKING BAN,” The Prince George’s Journal, February 28, 1995. Retrieved from Truth Tobacco Industry Documents library. Bates No. TI17181690.
- 19Bernard J. Reddy. “Does Advertising Affect Cigarette Consumption? A Critical Review of the Literature,” N/E/R/A, December 19, 1990. Retrieved from Truth Tobacco Industry documents library. Bates No. 2500081233-2500081586.
- 20Bernard J. Reddy. “Does Advertising Affect Cigarette Consumption? A Critical Review of the Literature,” N/E/R/A, December 19, 1990. Retrieved from Truth Tobacco Industry documents library. Bates No. 2500081233-2500081586.
- 21Bernard J. Reddy. “Advertising and Cigarette Consumption: Is the Literature All Smoke?” N/E/R/A, December 19, 1990. Retrieved from Truth Tobacco Industry documents library. Bates No. 2500081194-2500081230.
- 22“MEMORANDUM: NERA Study,” January 25, 1991. Retrieved from Truth Tobacco Industry Documents library. Bates No. 2500081231-2500081232.
- 23“GROUP MEETING/UPDATE,” August 17, 1990. Retrieved from Truth Tobacco Industry Documents library. Bates No. 2500081231-2500081232.
- 24Bill Shew. “Costs & Benefits of Smoking,” N/E/R/A, May 30, 1986. Retrieved from Truth Tobacco Industry Documents library. Bates No. 515656580-515656598
- 25Steve Horn. “Smoke and Mirrors: Obama DOE Fracked Gas Export Study Contractor’s Tobacco Industry Roots,” DeSmog, January 24, 2013.
- 26“At a Glance: Climate Change” (PDF), NERA Economic Consulting. September, 2012.
- 27“At a Glance: Climate Change” (PDF), NERA Economic Consulting. September, 2012.
- 28“NERA Economic Consulting is a global firm of experts dedicated to applying economic, finance, and quantitative principles to complex business and legal challenges,” NERA Economic Consulting. Archived June 21, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/4FUF9
- 29“History,” NERA economic consulting. Archived June 21, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/JlH7c
- 30“Impacts of Greenhouse Gas Regulations On the Industrial Sector” (PDF), NERA Economic Consulting, March 2017.
- 31Jon Greenberg. “Fact-checking Donald Trump’s statement withdrawing from the Paris climate agreement,” Politifact, June 1, 2017. Archived June 21, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/927su
- 32“In Paris Agreement op-ed, US Senator Ted Cruz misrepresents the costs and benefits of reducing greenhouse gas emissions,” Climate Feedback, May 31, 2017. Archived June 21, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/tyXBj
- 33“AP fact check: Trump’s shaky claims on climate accord,” Daily Herald, June 2, 2017. Archived June 21, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/u4AW5
- 34“AP fact check: Trump’s shaky claims on climate accord,” Daily Herald, June 2, 2017. Archived June 21, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/u4AW5
- 35Justin Mikulka. “Government Accountability Office Report on Oil Export Ban Based On Industry-Funded Studies,” DeSmog, November 15, 2014.
- 36“Economic Benefits of Lifting the Crude Oil Export Ban,” NERA Consulting, September 9, 2014.
- 37“Economic Benefits of Lifting the Crude Oil Export Ban,” NERA Consulting, September 9, 2014.
- 38
- 39
- 40
- 41“Economic Outcomes of a U.S. Carbon Tax” (PDF), NERA Economic Consulting, February 17, 2013.
- 42“WSJ REACTION: ‘ECONOMIC OUTCOMES OF A U.S. CARBON TAX’,” Partnership for Responsible Growth, July 21, 2015. Archived June 22, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/U8ehY
- 43“WSJ REACTION: ‘ECONOMIC OUTCOMES OF A U.S. CARBON TAX’,” Partnership for Responsible Growth, July 21, 2015. Archived June 22, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/U8ehY
- 44“WSJ REACTION: ‘ECONOMIC OUTCOMES OF A U.S. CARBON TAX’,” Partnership for Responsible Growth, July 21, 2015. Archived June 22, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/U8ehY
- 45“US LNG exports study conducted by NERA Economic Consulting-sources,” Reuters, November 19, 2012. Archived June 20, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/s6fAC“Revealed: NERAF Economic Consulting is Third Party Contractor for DOE LNG Export Study,” DeSmog, November 19, 2012.
- 46“New Analysis Finds EPA’s Power Plant Regulations Would Increase Electricity Costs; Lose Jobs,” America’s Power, June 8, 2011. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/ivocX
- 47“Macroeconomic Impacts of LNG Exports from the United States” (PDF), NERA Economic Consulting, December 3, 2012.
- 48“An Economic Impact Analysis of EPA’s Mercury and Air Toxics Standards Rule,” NERA Economic Consulting, March 1, 2012.
- 49“Inhofe: Senate Will Vote in Next Two Weeks on Effort to Stop Obama War on Coal,” U.S. Senate Committee on Environment & Public Works, June 4, 2012. Archived June 8, 2012. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/iEkvJ“Obama’s War on Coal,” Senate Republican Policy Committee, May 15, 2012. Archived June 21, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/Keu8Q
- 50“New York State Department of Environmental Conservation,” NERA Economic Consulting, April 29, 2010. Retrieved from New York Depatment of Environmental Conservation.
- 51“MARSH & McLENNAN COMPANIES (NYSE: MMC) ,” NERA Economic Consulting. Archived June 23, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/pyOtF
- 52“Our global team of more than 500 professionals operates in more than 25 offices.” NERA Economic Consulting. Archived June 23, 2017. Archive.is URL: https://archive.is/gNJrn