Background
The National Cattlemenโs Beef Association (NCBA) is a U.S.-based 501(c)(6) trade association which exists โto work to increase profit opportunities for cattle and beef producers by enhancing the business climate and building consumer demand.โ1“Nonprofit Explorer: National Cattlemenโs Beef Association,” ProPublica. Archived October 16, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/bpNF6
NCBA is one of the largest animal agriculture lobbyists in Washington D.C.2โIndustry Profile: Livestock,โ OpenSecrets. Archived October 15, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/S1cpR The group has regularly funded and promoted research that downplays the impact of cattle production on climate change.3Oliver Lazarus, Sonali McDermid, and Jennifer Jacquet. โThe climate responsibilities of industrial meat and dairy producers,โ New York University Center for Environmental and Animal Protection (CEAP), 2021. Archived August 4, 2021. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/2eUfn It has lobbied against climate legislation4โBill Profile: S. 1733,โ OpenSecrets. Archived October 24, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/wip/aW1vM and presented beef as a โclimate change solution.โ5Todd Wilkinson. “Testimony on behalf of the National Cattlemenโs Beef Association with regard to โReducing Emissions While Driving Economic Growth: Industry-led Initiativesโ submitted to the United States Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works,” United States Senate, 2019. Archived October 3 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/wIMuz
With roots reaching back to 1898, the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association was established in its present form in 1998.6โAbout: History,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association. Archived Dec 23, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/RQCLQ Along with state beef councils and affiliates, the NCBA is an authorized federal contractor under the U.S. Department of Agricultureโs (USDA) Beef Checkoff Program, which allows it to use program funds for advertising and promoting demand for beef. More than half of the NCBAโs over $60 million budget comes from Beef Checkoff Program funding.7โNational Cattlemenโs Beef Association: Full text of โFull Filingโ for fiscal year ending Sept. 2020,โ ProPublica. Archived October 16, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/HgjMM
Stance on Climate Change
In 2021, the NCBA issued sustainability goals for the US cattle industry, with a primary goal to โdemonstrate climate neutrality of U.S. cattle production by 2040.โ8โCattle Industry to Climate Neutrality by 2040,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association, August 12, 2019. Archived July 19, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/ypJus โDemonstrateโ is a key part of this statement; the NCBA has been lobbying federal officials to embrace the GWP* system of accounting for greenhouse gas emissions, instead of the default GWP100 system (โGWPโ refers to โglobal warming potential).9โNational Cattlemenโs Beef Association and Public Lands Council Response to Notice of Request for Public Comment on the Executive Order on Tackling the Climate Crisis at Home and Abroad, 86 Fed. Reg. 14403,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association, 2021. Archived October 23, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog. Methane emissions are a significant part of the livestock industryโs greenhouse gas emissions. Under GWP*, these emissions are considered less impactful on global climate change.
The NCBA has contested the public perception that cattle production is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. At a February 3, 2022 hearing before U.S. House of Representatives Subcommittee on Livestock and Foreign Agriculture, Kim Brackett โ a rancher and chair of the Beef Industry Long Range Plan โ testified on behalf of the NCBA, saying that:10โHearings: โSustainability In The Livestock Sector: Environmental Gain And Economic Viability,โ House Committee on Agriculture, February 3, 2022. Archived September 21, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/L6Oq6
โ…direct emissions from beef cattle only represent 2% of all greenhouse gas emissions. Not only are beef cattle not significant contributors to the full emissions profile, the work cattle and cattle producers do helps to avoid other kinds of emissions, like those from catastrophic wildfire and makes lands more drought resilient.โ
In the same hearing, Brackett touched upon a key goal of the NCBAโs policy work: avoiding mandatory emissions reductions for the livestock industry. Brackett stated: โI think itโs important to focus on innovation – having support for research and innovation as opposed to regulation, thatโs something weโre very much in favor of.โ
The NCBA organized against the the Kyoto Protocol11โKyoto Opposition Washington Post Ads 1997,โ Climate Investigations Center. Archived October 23, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/UQuFN and cast doubt on climate science as late as 2010 in official comments regarding EPAโs Endangerment Finding.12Coalition for Responsible Regulation et al. โPetition for Reconsideration of the Endangerment and Cause or Contribute Findings for Greenhouse Gases Under Section 202(a) of the Clean Air Act,โ U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, February 11, 2010. Archived October 24, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog. The group has also lobbied against U.S. climate legislation and regulations in the United States.13โBill Profile: S. 1733,โ OpenSecrets. Archived October 24, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/aW1vM
Funding
As Recipient
In 2020, the NCBA had an annual budget of $64 million, according to ProPublicaโs Nonprofit Explorer. More than half of that funding came from the Beef Promotion Operating Committeeโs contract with NCBA, through which NCBA is authorized to spend Beef Checkoff funds in order to promote consumer demand for beef.14โNonprofit Explorer: National Cattlemenโs Beef Association.โ ProPublica. Archived October 16, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/bpNF6
NCBA is the largest recipient of Beef Checkoff Program funds.15Greg Hanes. โBeef Checkoff: Whoโs Who & How It Works,โ Perishable News, April 12, 2021. Archived November 27, 2021. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/Hx8UG
The Beef Checkoff programโs funding comes from a $1 tax on each head of cattle sold, and can only be used to pay for activities that promote beef demand, excluding lobbying. In 2021, the Beef Checkoff Program gave funding to eight other organizations in addition to the NCBA, including the American Farm Bureau Federation, the North American Meat Institute and the U.S. Meat Export Federation.16Greg Hanes. โBeef Checkoff: Whoโs Who & How It Works,โ Perishable News, April 12, 2021. Archived November 27, 2021. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/Hx8UG
In proposals for Beef Checkoff Program funding, the NCBA has referenced its โcrisis workโ in response environmental criticism of the beef industry. In its proposal for funding for fiscal year 2022, NCBA highlighted its response to the 2019 EAT-Lancet report, which proposed less meat and dairy consumption in order to mitigate global warming:17โAUTHORIZATION REQUEST FOR FY 2022,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association, 2021. Archived October 18, 2021. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
โNCBA, a contractor to the Beef Checkoff, has a long history of leading the beef industry and various stakeholders through issues and crisis situations. From the 2003 case of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE or โmad cow diseaseโ), to lean finely textured beef (aka โPink Slimeโ) in 2012, to responding to the EAT-Lancet Commission on Food, Planet and Heath report in 2019, to the COVID-19 pandemic, NCBA has the experience, expertise, passion and plans in place to deploy the right message, to the right audience, at the right time. In these cases, and for the numerous issues that arise daily, Beef Checkoff-funded programs have maintained consumer confidence in beef and consumer demand. This is thanks to continuous media and pop culture monitoring and planning and preparation.โ
As Donor
The National Cattlemenโs Beef Association has a political action committee (PAC) that regularly donates to over 100 House and Senate candidates, nearly all Republicans.18โPAC Profile: National Cattlemenโs Beef Assn,โ Open Secrets. Archived October 11, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/PWUsM
Year | Recipient | Amount | Reason |
2022 | Animal Agriculture Alliance | $5000 | Sponsor, Speaker Panel (2022 AAA Summit)19โ2022 Stakeholders Summit sponsorship form,โ Animal Agriculture Alliance. Archived May 22, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog. |
2018 | Western Legal Resources Center | $5000 | Grant paid via CATL Fund20โCATL Fund: Form 990-EZ for period ending September 2018,โ ProPublica. Archived Feb 20 2023. Archive URL: https://archive.is/tu4hS |
Lobbying
Lobbying for GWP* Method of Methane Accounting
At the 2022 CattleCon & NCBA Trade Show, the NCBAโs annual convention, CEO Colin Woodall spoke about how important it was for the federal government to adopt GWP* as its system for methane accounting.21Matt Krupnick. โUS beef industry emerges from Bidenโs climate pledges โrelatively unscathedโ,โ The Guardian, March 7 2022. Archived June 26, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/CztWH Unlike the default accounting method GWP100, GWP* rates methane as a less potent greenhouse gas because it breaks down in the atmosphere more quickly than carbon dioxide. This is the basis for NCBAโs claims that the beef industry can be climate neutral by 2040.22โNCBA Confident in U.S. Cattle Record, Urges Open Dialogue on Methane Target,โ NCBA, Sep 17, 2021. Archived November 1, 2021. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/LchGb
Woodall noted that NCBA lobbyists had been advocating the GWB* system of accounting with lawmakers:
โFor us to be successful, GWP* โ global warming potential star โ is the methodology we need to make sure that everybody is utilizing in order to tell the true story of methane. And thatโs one of the reasons why NCBA spends time on Capitol Hill making sure that our government recognizes it.โ
According to reporting from Unearthed, NCBA President Don Schiefelbein told the convention that if GWP* was used to measure methaneโs impact going forward, it would โbe pretty easy toโ achieve climate neutrality by 2040 โwithout reducing the number of cattle.โ23Zach Boren. โBeef lobbyists celebrate methane โwinโ at COP26,โ Unearthed, July 3, 2022. Archived August 6, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/Zb5Hb
Lobbying for Voluntary Methane Reductions
At the 2022 CattleCon and NCBA Trade Show, CEO Colin Woodall celebrated the industryโs success in lobbying the Biden administration to propose voluntary, rather than mandatory, methane reduction targets at the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Glasgow (COP26). โAny way you slice it, that outcome from COP26 was a win for us,โ he said, according to reporting from Unearthed.24Zach Boren. โBeef lobbyists celebrate methane โwinโ at COP26,โ Unearthed, July 3, 2022. Archived August 6, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/Zb5Hb
At the 2021 conference, COP26, the United States and the European Union committed to a 30 percent reduction of methane emissions from 2020 levels by 2030.25โGlobal Methane Pledge,โ Climate and Clean Air Coalition, 2021. Archived July 5, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/po6L9 While the pledge committed the two countries to standards which would require the energy and waste sectors to reduce emissions, it called for only voluntary reduction targets for the agriculture sector. Mary Thomas Hart, the NCBAโs environmental counsel, told attendees at the 2022 CattleCon and NCBA Trade Show:26Zach Boren. โBeef lobbyists celebrate methane โwinโ at COP26,โ Unearthed, July 3, 2022. Archived August 6, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/Zb5Hb
โThe Presidentโs methane pledge could have gone badly for livestock production in the United States, badly for the cattle industryโฆBut this administration seems to recognise the positive value that we bring. Beyond research funding and encouraging technological innovation, there were no additional regulatory proposals.โ
Lobbying Against Proposed SEC Climate Disclosure Rule
In March 2022, the NCBA and other agribusiness trade associations denounced a proposal by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to require publicly traded companies to disclose greenhouse gas emissions.27(Press release.) โSEC Proposes Rules to Enhance and Standardize Climate-Related Disclosures for Investors,โ U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, March 21, 2022. Archived October 13, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/zei1z
Though the rule did directly require farms to report their emissions, it raised the possibility of requiring publicly traded companies to report both upstream and downstream emissions, known as โScope 3โ emissions. The NCBA and other agribusiness trade associations filed comments in opposition to the rule, arguing that because the emissions involved in a publicly traded companyโs value chain could include those from agriculture, small farms could face the burdensome task of reporting emissions.28Agricultural Retailers Association et al. โRe: Comments by National Agricultural Associations on SECโs Proposed Rules on the Enhancement and Standardization of Climate-Related Disclosures for Investors,โ U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Archived June 27, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog. In these comments, the NCBA requested that the SEC revise the Scope 3 emissions reporting provision to include a specific exemption for agriculture.
On October 3, speaking about the SEC proposal to Ron Hays on the Beef Buzz radio segment, NCBA CEO Colin Woodall said that the SEC did not have the jurisdiction to regulate greenhouse gas emissions, and that Scope 3 emissions reporting could be a big issue for agribusiness:29โNCBA Working to Keep GIPSA Rules in the Past,โ Oklahoma Farm Report, October 4, 2022. Archived October 4, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/jyz6S
โ[The proposed rule] is an agenda driven action by an agency to try to force more greenhouse gas regulations on all segments of the supply chain. With this, especially if it covers scope 3, it means that all of our greenhouse gas emissions as cattle producers are going to have to be passed up the chain as we sell our cattle.โ
During this radio segment, Woodall referenced the NCBAโs support for the Protect Farmers from the SEC Act, a bill that Rep. Frank Lucas (R-OK) had introduced in September 2022.30โCongressman Lucas introduces bill excluding agriculture from SEC climate disclosure rulemaking,โ Office of Congressman Frank Lucas, September 29, 2022. Archived September 29, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/K6ZgT Woodall told Hays: โWe have quite a few members on Capitol Hill who have been very willing to step up and help us fight back.โ31โCongressman Lucas introduces bill excluding agriculture from SEC climate disclosure rulemaking,โ Office of Congressman Frank Lucas, September 29, 2022. Archived September 29, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/K6ZgT The Protect Farmers from the SEC Act would exempt agricultural products from being included in SEC Scope 3 emissions reports, and is backed by the NCBA, the American Farm Bureau Federation, the National Association of Wheat Growers, and the National Cotton Council. The NCBAโs political action fund has contributed $33,500 to Rep. Lucas since the 2016 election cycle.32โNational Cattlemen’s Beef Assn PAC Contributions to Federal Candidates,โ OpenSecrets. Archived October 21, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/Vnl66
Some finance experts have disagreed with the claim by NCBA and other agricultural groups that Scope 3 emissions reporting would involve an expensive emissions accounting process for private companies, including farms. Kristina Wyatt, a deputy general counsel at the carbon accounting firm Persefoni and former climate and environmental and social governance counsel for the SEC, told E&E News that under the proposed rule, it would be โperfectly permissible for companies to use methods that donโt require them to go directly to their suppliers to get the actual emissions data.โ33Avery Ellfelt. โSEC climate rule sparks backlash from business groups,โ E & E News, June 2, 2022. Archived June 2, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/t385f For example, the rule states that it may be necessary for companies to rely heavily on estimates of greenhouse gas emissions from certain sources when reporting Scope 3 emissions.34โThe Enhancement and Standardization of Climate-Related Disclosures for Investors [Proposed Rule],โ Securities and Exchange Commission, 2022. Archived October 15, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
Public Relations Campaigns and Advertising
The NCBA has publicly discussed its strategy of using โcredible third party actorsโ to restore trust in the beef industry.
When NCBA member Kim Brackett testified on behalf of the NCBA before the U.S. House Agriculture Subcommittee on Livestock and Foreign Agriculture in February 2022, Rep. Tracey Mann (R-KS) asked her how the NCBA could change the publicโs perception that beef production is a significant contributor to climate change. Brackett replied:35โSustainability in the Livestock Sector: Environmental Gain and Economic Viability,โ Subcommittee on Livestock and Foreign Agriculture, February 3, 2022. Archived .mp4 on file at DeSmog.
โConsidering the society that weโre in, and the distrust that we seem to be facing, I think the solution lies with having credible third parties, um, talking about what the cattle industry does and what our sustainability story really is. I see those third party experts, if you will, they could be chefs, well known chefs, they could be respected journalists, scientists, but we need, um, we need other people out there talking about what weโre doing.โ
Several of the NCBAโs most recent advertising and public relations campaigns have relied on this strategy of third party mobilization.
In the Authorization Request for Beef Checkoff Program funds for FY 2022, the NCBA outlined its public relations goals, and detailed its contracts with third party public relations firms.
Well Known Chefs: United We Steak campaign
In 2020, the NCBA hired Linhart Public Relations to lead โUnited We Steak,โ a campaign focused on increasing American demand for beef during the summer months.36โPeople on the Move: Libby Pinkerton,โ Denver Business Journal, March 22, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/56nQi Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog. Linhart PR was the NCBAโs agency of record for 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022, according to NCBAโs Authorization Request to the Beef Checkoff Program for FY 2022.37โAuthorization Request for FY 2022,โ Beef Board, 2021. Archived October 18, 2021. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog. 38โPeople on the Move: Libby Pinkerton, โ Denver Business Journal, March 22, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/56nQi Beef Checkoff Program funds paid for the campaign, which the NCBA managed under its โBeef. Itโs Whatโs For Dinnerโ brand, according to a press release from NCBA.39โโUnited We Steakโ Campaign Celebrates Americans’ Love of Grilling,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association, June 29 2020. Archived October 16 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/x9uIJ
On its website, Linhart PR describes how it secured national broadcasts of beef grilling demonstrations by celebrity chefs Lamar Moore and Hugh Acheson, which were aired by Good Morning America and ABC News online.40โCase Studies: Promoting beef as the top protein for summer grilling season,โ Linhart PR. Archived January 26, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/8uoQh According to its website, โLinhart PR secured 131 stories and more than 7.3 billion impressions for summer grilling with beef.โ The Cattlemenโs Beef Board 2020 annual report, which documents how Beef Checkoff dollars are spent, noted that the NCBA reached 238 million consumers through the โUnited We Steakโ campaignโs paid advertising, social media, earned media, and influencer outreach.41โCattlemenโs Beef Board 2020 Annual Report,โ Cattlemenโs Beef Board, 2020. Archived November 24, 2021. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
In 2021, Linhart PR founder Sharon Linhart reposted a LinkedIn post of the NCBAโs criticism of the science behind a 2021 study finding that beef production was a major air polluter. She commented: โSo good to see a correction of the false narrative around beef!โ42Sharon Linhart. โSo good to see a correction of the false narrative around beef!,โ LinkedIn. Archived October 16, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/6ioz7
Beef. Itโs Whatโs For Dinner Campaign
The โBeef. Itโs Whatโs For Dinnerโ promotional campaign is managed by NCBA and paid for by Beef Checkoff Program funds, according to the brand.43โBEEF. Itโs Whatโs For Dinner. Brand Announces Tony Romo As New Spokesperson,โ Cattlemenโs Beef Board and National Cattlemenโs Beef Association, February 1, 2022. Archived September 25, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.vn/RJdlB The campaign launched in 1992 with television and print ads created by the Leo Burnett Company. In 2008, the campaign claimed that 88 percent of Americans recognized the tagline.44โA Snapshot of the Advertising Campaign for Americaโs Number One Protein,โ Beef. Itโs Whatโs for Dinner. Archived July 15, 2009. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
In 2017, NCBA hired the ad agency VML to revive the tagline in a campaign encouraging beef consumption which was targeted towards a millennial audience.45(Press release.) โNew Beef. It’s What’s For Dinner. Campaign Celebrates Consumers’ Love for Beef and the People Who Raise It,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association, October 6, 2017. Archived June 20, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/UGW6X The campaign has been renewed through 2023.46โAuthorization Request for Fiscal Year 2023,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association, June 30, 2022. Archived November 29, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog. In FY 2019, NCBA requested and was granted $9.6 million from the Beef Checkoff for the campaign,47โAuthorization Request for FY 2019,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association, 2018. Archived January 4, 2023. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog. and in FY 2020, NCBAโs request for $9.4 million in Checkoff funds was accepted.48โAuthorization Request for FY 2020,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association, 2020. Archived June 9, 2020. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
VML created the website beefitswhatsfordinner.com, which features the page โBeefโs Role in Greenhouse Gas Emissions.โ49(Press release.) โNew Beef. It’s What’s For Dinner. Campaign Celebrates Consumers’ Love for Beef,โ NCBA, October 6, 2017. Archived June 20, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/UGW6X That page states:50โBeefโs Role In Greenhouse Gas Emissions,โ Beef. Itโs Whatโs for Dinner. Archived October 25, 2021. Archive URL: https://archive.is/5PJG8
โContrary to some of the misconceptions about beefโs role in greenhouse gas emissions, cattle-generated gases are completely natural, are very different from the types of gasses stemming from fossil fuel emissions, and are on the decline.โ
The website also includes a graphic titled โBiogenic Carbon Cycleโ copyrighted to the NCBA in 2020 which shows greenhouse gas emissions from cows all returning to the earth, instead of accumulating in the atmosphere. The webpage also seeks to differentiate between the warming impact of greenhouse gas emissions from cattle and those from fossil fuels, claiming that โthereโs a clear difference between biogenic carbon (described above), and carbon from fossil fuels.โ51โBeefโs Role In Greenhouse Gas Emissions,โ Beef. Itโs Whatโs for Dinner. Archived October 25, 2021. Archive URL: https://archive.is/5PJG8
When NCBA hired VML for the digital โBeef. Itโs Whatโs For Dinnerโ campaign, NCBA also continued working with its agency of record since 2003, Ketchum, for earned media stories related to the campaign.52โKetchum Food Center Celebrates 30th Anniversary,โ Ketchum, October 13, 2008. Archived July 1, 2011. Archive URL: https://archive.is/PcnET In a 2017 interview with the Wall Street Journal, NCBAโs senior vice president of global marketing and research Alisa Harrison said that โthere are people out there in public dialogue that have an agendaโ to โmake the case that people shouldnโt be eating meat.โ She also told the Wall Street Journal that โpeople were misrepresenting how beef is produced.โ53Alexandra Bruell. โBeef Is Back for Dinner as Marketers Woo Nostalgic Millennials,โ The Wall Street Journal, October 5, 2017. Archived November 3, 2017. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/DMkdV
Rethink the Ranch Campaign
In 2021, the NCBA hired ad agency VMLY&R to create the โRethinking the Ranchโ campaign to persuade consumers that cattle ranching โ and thus beef โ was a sustainable part of the food supply.54El Peรฑa. โRethink the Ranch,โ Archived August 24, 2020. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog. 55โBEEF. IT’S WHAT’S FOR DINNER. // RETHINK THE RANCH.โ TR Goode. Archived May 8, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/WAFp1 The campaign was a response to market research showing that nearly half of consumers cared about the environmental impact of their food choices, and that consumers saw beef production as less sustainable than other dietary choices. Rethinking the Ranch was launched on social media platforms and with influencer outreach.56โBeef Sustainability Campaign Reaches 96 Million Consumers,โ Beef Checkoff. Archived May 17, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.vn/PF0la Ads also ran on ESPN networks and radio platforms. According to the NCBA, over 96 million people saw this campaign, which was funded by Beef Checkoff funds and part of the โBeef. Itโs Whatโs For Dinnerโ brand.
Annual Advertising Spend, NCBA57โNational Cattlemenโs Beef Association: Tax Filings by Year,โ ProPublica. Archived October 15, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/bpNF6
2009 | Leo Burnett Company | $9,859,181 |
Ketchum | $1,859,935 | |
Edelman | $1,326,807 | |
Midan Marketing | $933,391 | |
2010 | Leo Burnett Company | $12,655,290 |
Ketchum | $1,924,004 | |
Edelman | $1,361,516 | |
Golin Harris | $818,810 | |
2011 | Leo Burnett Company | $10,955,510 |
Ketchum | $2,729,156 | |
Edelman | $728,671 | |
Texas Agrilife Research | $721,825 | |
2012 | Leo Burnett Company | $10,771,851 |
Ketchum | $3,199,807 | |
Porter Novelli | $1,016,851 | |
Baxter Communications | $749,453 | |
2013 | Leo Burnett Company | $9,719,796 |
Ketchum | $3,172,069 | |
Foodminds LLC | $745,245 | |
2014 | RGA Media Group | $8,005,852 |
Ketchum | $3,193,484 | |
Foodminds | $790,751 | |
Baxter Communications | $642,144 | |
2015 | RGA Media Group | $10,783,705 |
Ketchum | $3,151,996 | |
Foodminds LLC | $946,126 | |
RK Group | $815,998 | |
2016 | RGA Media Group | $7,935,639 |
Ketchum | $2,319,779 | |
Foodminds LLC | $868,511 | |
Baxter Communications | $814,238 | |
2017 | RGA Media Group | $8,124,385 |
Ketchum | $3,267,158 | |
VML Inc | $1,582,896 | |
Foodminds LLC | $977,435 | |
2018 | VML Inc | $8,361,047 |
Ketchum Inc | $1,593,713 | |
Google Inc – Advertising | $1,477,610 | |
Foodminds LLC | $1,223,565 | |
2019 | VML Inc | $7,465,861 |
Google Inc – Advertising | $2,231,003 | |
Pinterest Inc – Advertising | $974,040 | |
2020 | VML Inc | $6,089,207 |
Google Inc – Advertising | $2,235,884 | |
Facebook – Advertising | $1,119,432 |
Actions
September 28, 2022
On September 28, 2022, Hema Budaraju, the director of Google Search, announced that the search engine would integrate the emissions impact of food ingredients into search results for recipes.58Hema Budaraju. โNew ways to make more sustainable choices,โ Google, September 28, 2022. Archived October 14, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/LkpVX In her announcement, a sample search for tofu panang curry recipes compared the emissions per pound of food of the dish โ 1.4 kgCO2eq โ to beefโs 32kgCO2eq. Subsequently, on October 11, the National Cattlemenโs Beef Association denounced the proposed change in a press release, saying that the search feature used โinaccurate climate information about cattle production.โ59โNCBA Denounces Google Feature That Misrepresents Beefโs Environmental Impact,โ National Cattlemen’s Beef Association, October 11, 2022. Archived October 14, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/obQWS In a press release, NCBA wrote that โeliminating all livestock in the U.S. and removing beef from the diet would only reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 0.36% globally.โ However, this comparison of U.S. emissions to overall global emissions fails to account for the fact that animal agriculture makes up 14.5 percent of the worldโs emissions, and that beef production is responsible for about two thirds of those emissions.60โKey facts and findings.โ Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2013. Archived October 6, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/h4Kbl
September 20, 2022
On September 20, 2022, the NCBA hosted the virtual event โChoosing a Climatarian Diet: the case for choosing beefโ as part of New York Cityโs climate week. On the eventโs registration webpage, NCBA wrote:61โChoosing a Climatarian Diet: The Case for Including Beef,โ New York City Climate Week, September 20, 2022. Archived October 15, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/ifi2M
โEating in a way thatโs good for the environment is on all our minds, but we donโt have to forego beef in the name of sustainability. In fact, a climatarian diet is one that incorporates beef.โ
In the 2023 funding request for the Beef Checkoff, NCBA wrote that the sustainability materials created for NYC Climate Week helped โmaintain consumer confidence in beef.โ62โAuthorization Request for FY 2023,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association. ArchivedNovember 29, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
August 2021
On August 31, 2021, the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine petitioned the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC), which regulates advertising in the United States,63โAdvertising and Marketing Basics,โ Federal Trade Commission. Archived October 16, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/VHu6H to stop the NCBAโs โBeefing Up Sustainabilityโ advertising campaign in the Washington Post,64NCBA. โBeefing up Sustainability,โ The Washington Post. Archived August 4, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/O2Qc0 the New York Times65Carol Ryan Dumas. โNCBA slams beef advertising complaint,โCapital Press, September 16, 2021. Archived September 16, 2021. Archive URL: https://archive.is/RNOFb and the Wall Street Journal.66โDoctors Group Petitions FTC to Stop National Cattlemenโs Beef Association From Placing Ads That Downplay Beefโs Impact on Climate Crisis,โ Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, August 31 2021. Archived October 7, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/Sdf34 The ads made claims such as, โbeefโs environmental footprint may drive headlines, but the truth is, eliminating beef is not a realistic or impactful solution for climate change.โ The Physicians Committee pointed to a World Health Organization report stating that โreducing livestock herds would also reduce emissions of methane, which is the second largest contributor to global warming after carbon dioxide,โ67โReframing climate change as a health issue,โ Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 92 (โ8)โ, 551 – 552, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.14.020814. Archived February 20, 2023. Archived .pdf available at DeSmog. as evidence that the NCBA was making inaccurate claims about beefโs sustainability. The Physicians Committee also cited findings by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), as well as the EAT-Lancet report, that beef production was contributing to global warming.68โEAT-Lancet Commission Summary Report,โ EAT-Lancet Commission. Archived February 2, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/3dyQC
NCBA responded forcefully to the petition, questioned the Physicians Committeeโs credentials and stated that the NCBA โwill not be silenced by animal extremists who pretend to be doctors.โ69Carol Ryan Dumas. โNCBA slams beef advertising complaint,โ Capital Press, September 16, 2021. Archived September 16, 2021. Archive URL: https://archive.is/RNOFb
NCBA submitted its work on the โBeefing Up Sustainabilityโ campaign to the Public Relations Society of America, and it was shortlisted for the organizationโs 2022 Anvil Award.70โ2022 PRSA Anvil Shortlist,โ Public Relations Society of America. Archived October 16, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/3kha9
January 2021
The National Cattlemenโs Beef Association and the Public Lands Council submitted comments to the USDA in response to President Joe Bidenโs January 27 โExecutive Order on Tackling the Climate Crisis at Home and Abroad.โ In these comments, the NCBA argued that the federal government should adopt GWP* and promote its use abroad.71โNational Cattlemenโs Beef Association and Public Lands Council Response to Notice of Request for Public Comment on the Executive Order on Tackling the Climate Crisis at Home and Abroad, 86 Fed. Reg. 14403,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association, 2021. Archived October 23, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
October 2019
In October 17, 2019 testimony submitted to the U.S. Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works (EPW), Todd Wilkinson of the NCBA pushed back against climate policies that he said were โunfairlyโ targeting the beef industry.72Todd Wilkinson. โTestimony on behalf of the National Cattlemenโs Beef Association with regard to Reducing Emissions While Driving Economic Growth: Industry-led Initiatives,โ U.S. Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works, October 17, 2019. Archived October 3, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/wIMuz Wilkinson commented that โAmerican beef production and consumption is a climate change solution.โ
Wilkinson backed up this claim by referencing a methane emissions accounting method put forward by a few climate scientists that had been lauded by the animal agriculture industry. According to these scientists, several of whom received funding from the animal agriculture industry,73“Roger A. Cady, Ph.D.,” Dairy 2050. Archived February 18, 2023. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/TTcad methane emissions from cattle were not harmful to the environment because methane does not accumulate in the atmosphere.74“Rethinking Methane Promotion Timeline,” CLEAR Center, University of California Davis. Archived February 18, 2023. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog. The Global Roundtable on Sustainable Beef, of which NCBA is a member, helped fund a report promoting global warming potential star (GWP*) to measure the climate impact of methane emissions. GWP* finds the impact of methane emissions on the environment to be far less than the current standard of measurement, GWP.75Roger A. Cady. โA Literature Review of GWP*,โ Global Dairy Platform, 2020. Archived Dec 20, 2020. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog. Wilkinson went as far as to say that American cattle did not contribute to climate change:
โMethane has no long-term impact on the climate when emissions and oxidation are in balance. And this balance has been maintained for centuries: the buffalo population that roamed prior to the European settlement is estimated to be near equal to todayโs cattle population. The U.S. cattle population has not contributed to a significant increase in methane emissions and, according to the USDAโs Agricultural Research Service, is not a significant contributor to climate change.โ
Other climate scientists have criticized this portrayal of cattle methane emissions, noting that animal agriculture does have a significant impact on climate change. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agencyโs (EPA) website notes that methane emissions from U.S. agriculture had increased from 1990-2020, even though the nationโs overall methane emissions had declined.76โOverview of Greenhouse Gases: Methane Emissions,โ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Archived October 22, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/eu6XD
April 2019
Opposition to EAT-Lancet Report
On April 16, 2019 the NCBA released a statement on its website titled โThere is no alternative to BEEF.โ77โThere is No Alternative to BEEF,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association. Archived February 18, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog. In the statement, NCBA CEO Kendal Frazier stated that the organization was pushing back against the โfalse factsโ of climate science related to the beef industry. He specifically criticized the EAT-Lancet study, a major international report on “what constitutes a healthy diet from a sustainable food system” and called for a โgreater than 50% reduction in global consumption of less healthy foods such as added sugars and red meat.โ78โEAT-Lancet Commission Summary Report,โ EAT-Lancet Commission, 2019. Archived February 2, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/3dyQC Frazier wrote:79โThere is No Alternative to BEEF,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association. Archived February 18, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
โSome plant-based and cell-cultured meat advocates have been using false claims about beef, particularly when it comes to the impact of beef production on climate change. [โ]Checkoff[โ]-funded research is providing the information we need to demonstrate the falsehood in their claims. For example, a recent report by the EAT Commission in Europe grossly misrepresented beefโs important role in the diet and used misleading information regarding beefโs impact on climate change.โ
Frazier went on to describe how NCBA had organized opposition to the EAT-Lancet report:
โNCBA, working with others in the meat industry, fought back hard. The result is that the report has been discredited by leading scientists around the world. A special webpage was developed to help reporters and others get the facts around beefโs role in a healthy, sustainable diet more easily. Through our checkoff-funded Digital Command Center, we are monitoring several hundred media outlets and social media sites daily for misinformation about beef.โ
Frazierโs claim that the report had been discredited by leading scientists around the world was a reference to the beef industryโs embrace of Dr. Frank Mitloehner, a professor of animal science and air quality expert at the University of California, Davis. In October 2021, Mitloehner gave a talk alongside NCBAโs Colin Woodall in which he argued that the beef industryโs greenhouse gas emissions were lower than many scientists believed.80Cara Pesek. โCattle emissions expert: Environmental impact of beef has been overstated,โ Nebraska Today, October 26, 2021. Archived June 18, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/Ts0bY
The NCBA referenced its crisis management around the EAT-Lancet report in its requests for funding from the federal Beef Checkoff Program in 2020, 2021, and 2022.
2018-2019
U.S. Roundtable for Sustainable Beef
On October 17, 2019, in testimony before the Senate EPWโs Subcommittee on Clean Air, Climate and Nuclear Safety, NCBA Policy Division Vice Chairman Tom Wilkinson referenced a โFramework for Beef Sustainabilityโ released by the U.S. Roundtable for Sustainable Beef (USRSB).81Tom Wilkinson. “Reducing Emissions While Driving Economic Growth: Industry-led Initiatives,” United States Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works Subcommittee on Clean Air and Nuclear Safety, October 17, 2019. Archived November 11, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
NCBA founded the USRSB along with Tyson Foods, JBS, and Cargill.82Georgi Gyton. โUS forms round-table on sustainable beef,โ Food Navigator USA, March 6, 2015. Archived February 20, 2023. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/FUo2X In June 2018, environmental organizations including the Natural Resources Defense Council, Sierra Club, and Earthjustice wrote a letter criticizing the USRSBโs Framework for Beef Sustainability for โgreenwashingโ the animal agriculture industry. The joint letter accused the USRSB of failing to enact meaningful emissions reductions by not offering actual incentives, or funding to cattle ranchers, to reduce their environmental impact.83โDear Stakeholders of the U.S. Roundtable on Sustainable Beef,โ Friends of the Earth, June 27, 2018. Archived September 1, 2022. Archived .pdf on DeSmog.
2015
In its February 2015 scientific report, the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee made recommendations to the USDA and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The DGACโs recommendations included a suggestion that upcoming federal dietary guidelines include less red meat consumption than past dietary guidelines: โCurrent evidence shows that the average U.S. diet has a larger environmental impact in terms of increased greenhouse gas emissions, land use, water use, and energy useโฆ because the current U.S. population intake of animal-based foods is higher and plant-based foods are lower, than proposed in these three dietary patterns.โ84Agricultural Research Service. โScientific Report of the 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee,โ USDA, 2015. Archived October 15, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
The NCBA immediately denounced the reportโs recommendations in a same-day press release, which quoted Dr. Richard Thorpe, a medical doctor and cattle producer, who called on the Advisory Committee to remove sustainability considerations when crafting the 2015 dietary guidelines.85โNCBA: Dietary Guidelines Recommendations are Misleading,โ NCBA, 2015. Archived February 28, 2015. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog. Thorpe wrote: โWe are disappointed the Advisory Committee would go outside the purview and expertise of nutrition/health research to bring in topics such as sustainability. We urge the Secretaries to reject the Advisory Committeeโs recommendations on topics outside of diet and health.โ86โNCBA: Dietary Guidelines Recommendations are Misleading,โ NCBA, 2015. Archived February 28, 2015. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
February 2010
In February 2010, the NCBA was one of seven entities, including Massey Energy and Alpha Natural Resources, to jointly and formally petition the EPA to reconsider the endangerment finding. Coalition for Responsible Regulation et al.87โPetition for Reconsideration of the Endangerment and Cause or Contribute Findings for Greenhouse Gases Under Section 202(a) of the Clean Air Act,โ U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, February 11, 2010. Archived October 24, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog. In a press release, NCBA Chief Counsel, Tamara Thies said: โWith so much scientific uncertainty surrounding climate change, and humansโ alleged contribution to it, itโs extremely premature for EPA to be moving forward with GHG regulation.โ88โNCBA Challenges EPAโs Interpretation of Greenhouse Gas Permitting Rules,โ NCBA, April 6, 2010. Archived April 13, 2010. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/P1WxG
The petition relied on common climate change denial arguments, claiming that they were justified in the wake of the 2009 โClimategateโ scandal.89Jess Henig. โClimategate,โ FactCheck, December 10, 2009. Archived August 29, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/kJ6Fr The petition included sections with headings such as, โEPAโs Endangerment Finding is Based on Flawed Data,โ โThe CRUโs Data are Not Reliable or Reproducible, and So Cannot Form the Basis of the EPAโs Finding of Anthropogenic-Induced Warming over the Past 100 Years,โ and โThere is No True Scientific Consensus When the Peer Review Process is Compromised.โ
โE.P.A. owes it to the American people to be sure a rule of this magnitude is based on accurate information, not fudged or fabricated temperature data,โ Thies stated in the press release.
She added:
โNot only is the data questionable, but E.P.A. also unlawfully sub-delegated its duties under the Clean Air Act to foreign entities with the clear agenda of promoting the theory of human-caused climate change. It is not lawful for E.P.A.โs โscientific judgmentโ to be based on foreign-alarmist agendas. Reconsideration of this rule is essential to restoring Americaโs trust on this issue.โ
The references to โthe CRUโ and โfudged or fabricated dataโ referred to a late 2009 controversy, in which internal emails written by climate scientists from the University of East Anglia Climatic Research Unit were hacked and leaked to the public by climate change deniers.90Rich Collett-White. “Where Are the Ring-Leaders of the Manufactured Climategate Scandal Now?,” DeSmog, November 18, 2019. Although the emails did not show that the climate scientists had reported inaccurate data,91Jess Henig. โClimategate,โ FactCheck, December 10, 2009. Archived August 29, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/kJ6Fr climate deniers including Myron Ebell and Patrick J. Michaels misrepresented their content to make it seem as if the scientific consensus on global warming was based on flawed data.
The NCBA petitioned the EPA to reconsider the endangerment finding as part of its larger strategy to oppose greenhouse gas regulations, citing โscientific uncertainty.โ
In a briefing titled โCap and Trade Legislation: What Does it Mean For Cattle Producers?โ NCBA lawyer Tamara Thies walked NCBA members through the environmental policy context in the early years of the Obama administration.92Tamara Thies. โCap and trade legislation: What does it mean for cattle producers?,โ NCBA, 2010. Archived October 24, 2022. Archived .pdf available on file at DeSmog. She noted that while the NCBA was advocating for a carveout for agriculture from proposed carbon cap-and-trade bills, it would also oppose the bills.
Thiesโs presentation included the NCBAโs petition to the EPA to reconsider its endangerment finding, and said the NCBA would oppose an upcoming โtailoring ruleโ regulating greenhouse gasses from stationary sources as well as a motor vehicle emissions rule.93“PSD and Title V Permitting Guidance for Greenhouse Gases,” United States Environmental Protection Agency, March 2011. Archived January 19, 2022. The presentation occurred before the rules were published in June 2010.
January 2010
In January 2010, the NCBA supported Sen. Lisa Murkowskiโs (R-AK) disapproval resolution regarding potential EPA regulation of greenhouse gas emissions.94โCattlemenโs Capitol Concerns,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association, June 2010. Archived July 7, 2010. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog. According to a January 21, 2010 press release issued by Sen. John Thune (R-SD), the passage of the disapproval resolution would block the EPA from regulating greenhouse gas emissions.95โThune Highlights Ag Groups’ Support of Resolution Disapproving of EPA Energy Tax,โ Office of U.S. Senator John Thune, January 21, 2010. Archived August 26, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/GAsvf
In a June 2010 vote, the resolution failed to pass in the Senate. After the resolution failed, NCBA lobbyist Colin Woodall told the Oklahoma Farm Report that the NCBA was โdisappointedโ by the result, but pleased that there were not enough votes in the Senate to pass a version of the American Clean Energy and Security Act โ also known as the โWaxman-Markey billโ โ which the House had passed in June 2009.96โMurkowski Resolution Falls Short- NCBA’s Colin Woodall Says Several Farm State Democrats Abandoned Agriculture,โ Oklahoma Farm Report, June 10, 2010. Archived March 24, 2016. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/fpJg1
April 2009
In April 2009, the EPA released research-based findings that the accumulation of greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere endangered public health in the present and the future. Known as the โendangerment finding,โ this scientific conclusion meant that under the Clean Air Act, the EPA had the authority to regulate carbon pollution.
The NCBA filed comments in opposition to the anticipated endangerment finding before it was released,97โClimate Change,โ NCBA, 2010. Archived April 14, 2010. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog. issuing a press release in December 2009 that questioned the science behind the EPAโs findings.98โEPA Greenhouse Gas Ruling Could be Devastating to Agriculture,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association, December 8, 2009. Archived December 31, 2009. Archive URL: https://archive.is/bM0qL The NCBA argued that the Clean Air Act did not give the EPA authority to regulate carbon emissions, that the finding was not grounded in science, and that greenhouse gas regulations could pose a โdevastatingโ financial burden to farms. The press release quoted Tamara Thies, NCBAโs chief counsel, as saying:99โEPA Greenhouse Gas Ruling Could be Devastating to Agriculture,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association, December 8, 2009. Archived December 31, 2009. Archive URL: https://archive.is/bM0qL
โItโs premature to issue this kind of finding, especially given the recent controversy surrounding the scientific validity of alleged human contributions to climate change. Regulation of greenhouse gases should be based on science, and it should be thoughtfully considered and voted on by Congress through a democratic process, not dictated by the EPA.โ
2009
After the U.S. House of Representatives passed the American Clean Energy and Security Act of 2009, the National Cattlemenโs Beef Association released a โprimerโ on climate change celebrating the groupโs success in influencing the bill.100โClimate Change,โ NCBA, 2010. Archived April 14, 2010. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog. The NCBA noted that it had successfully lobbied for agriculture to be exempted from the billโs proposed cap-and-trade system to regulate greenhouse gas emissions. The group also claimed it had successfully lobbied to shift the billโs regulation of agriculture industry carbon offsets from the EPA to the USDA, an agency that tends to be more sympathetic to the industry.
However, the NCBA still opposed the bill, according to the primer, because it could cause increases in energy prices. The document closed with the promise that โNCBA will continue to fight the regulation of GHG emissions from cattle operations.โ
April 29, 1999
On April 29, 1999, the House Committee on Small Business held a hearing called โThe Effect of the Kyoto Protocol on American Small Business.โ (Hearing.)101โThe Effect of the Kyoto Protocol on American Small Business,โ U.S. House Of Representatives, Committee On Small Business, April 29, 1999. Archived October 23, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/AbE5B The National Cattlemenโs Beef Association submitted a report to the committee titled โThe Kyoto Protocol: Potential Impacts on U.S. Agriculture – An Assault on An American Institution.โ
Co-sponsored by the NCBA, the American Farm Bureau, the American Corn Growers Association, National Grange, and the United Fruits & Vegetables Association, the report concluded that the Kyoto Protocol would have a devastating financial impact on U.S. agriculture. The report predicted that the Kyoto Protocolโs legally binding emissions reductions would lead to fewer family farms, an increase in production costs of nearly $16.2 billion in 1997 dollars, and a 1.6 percent decline in U.S. GDP.102Sparks Companies, Inc. โThe Kyoto Protocol: Potential Impacts on U.S. Agriculture [Hearing, โโThe effect of the Kyoto Protocol on American Small Business],โ U.S. House Of Representatives, Committee On Small Business, April 29, 1999. Archived October 23, 2022. Archived .png on file at DeSmog. According to a related press release from the American Farm Bureau, the report showed that farm incomes could drop 50 percent under Kyoto Protocol mandates.103(Press release.) โStudy Finds Climate Treaty to Cut Farm Income 50 Percent,โ American Farm Bureau, February 16, 1999. Archived August 17, 2000. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
1997
The National Cattlemenโs Beef Association, in partnership with other industry trade groups and the conservative Global Climate Coalition, paid for an advertising campaign designed to sow opposition to upcoming United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change negotiations – which ultimately led to the creation of the Kyoto Protocol in December 1997. The campaign was called the โGlobal Climate Information Project,โ and ran advertisements in the Washington Post and the New York Times, as well as on television.104โKyoto Opposition Washington Post Ads 1997,โ Climate Investigations Center. Archived October 23, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/UQuFN One Washington Post ad โ which listed National Beef Cattlemenโs Association as a funder โ described the Kyoto Protocol with the tagline, โItโs Not Global and It Wonโt Work.โ The ad claimed that the Kyoto Protocol would lead to โ50 cents more for every gallon of gasoline,โ although there was no indication at the time that the Kyoto Protocol would cause such an increase in gas prices.
Another ad that ran in the Washington Post throughout November 1997, which also listed the NCBA as a funder, used the headline, โThe Only Thing This Treaty Cools Down is Americaโs Economy.โ105โKyoto Opposition Washington Post Ads 1997,โ Climate Investigations Center. Archived October 23, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/UQuFN The ad urged readers to visit climatefacts.org, a website set up by the Global Climate Information Project106โGlobal Climate Information Project,โ ClimateFacts.org. Archived April 21, 1998. Archive URL: https://archive.is/Sn2Wx/image which listed the National Cattlemenโs Beef Association as a sponsor.107Global Climate Information Project. โWhy Weโre Concerned: List of Sponsors,โ ClimateFacts.org.Archived April 21, 1998. Archive URL: https://archive.is/Sn2Wx The website questioned climate science, including a section which answered the question โIs the Earth Warming?โ with: โThere is conflicting scientific data over whether there is a warming trend.โ108Global Climate Information Project. โScience Concerns,โClimateFacts.org. Archived April 21, 1998. Archive URL: https://archive.is/Sn2Wx Another section titled โAre Humans Causing the Warming?โ began: โRecent studies indicate that the sun may be playing a larger role in the earthโs climate than was previously suspected.โ109Global Climate Information Project. โScience Concerns: Are Humans Causing the Warming?โClimateFacts.org. Archived April 21, 1998. Archive URL: https://archive.is/Sn2Wx
Key People
- Todd Wilkinson โ President.
- Don Schiefelbein โ Past President.110โLeadership,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association. Archived September 26, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/jsXTy
- Kendal Frazier โ CEO until 2019.111Ken Root. โNCBA CEO Kendal Frazier announces plans for retirement,โ Iowa Agribusiness Radio Network, April 24, 2019. Archived February 20, 2023. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/uMKjO
- Chase Decoite โ Lobbyist for the NCBA, according to OpenSecrets.112โClient Profile: National Cattlemenโs Beef Association,โ OpenSecrets. โโArchived October 23, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/4mXVF In 2022, he represented the NCBA on the board of the Animal Agriculture Alliance.113โBoard,โ Animal Agriculture Alliance. Archived June 23, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/aSMLW
Related Organizations
As of 2023, the NCBA is represented on the boards and leadership teams of the following:
- Animal Agriculture Alliance114โBoard,โ Animal Agriculture Alliance. Archived February 20, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/tWpQY
- Global Roundtable for Sustainable Beef115โWorking groups and councils,โ Global Roundtable for Sustainable Beef. Archived January 6, 2023. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/zGebI
- U.S. Roundtable for Sustainable Beef116โLeadership,โ U.S. Roundtable for Sustainable Beef. Archived July 6, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/OyrWG
- Public Lands Council117โBoard of Directors,โ Public Lands Council. Archived July 4, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/pQ4du
- U.S. Meat Export Federation – in 2019, the most recent year tax forms are available for the NCBA, it paid $8,008,930 to the U.S. Meat Export Foundation for โexport.โ118โNational Cattlemenโs Beef Association: Full Text of Full Filing for fiscal year ending September 2020,โ ProPublica. Archived October 15, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/HgjMM
- American National Cattlewomen, Inc
The Federation of State Beef Councils is a division of the NCBA.119โFederation of State Beef Councils,โ Beef Checkoff. Archived August 15, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/o5mN3 Qualified state beef councils collect the $1 per head of cattle sold in their states as part of the Beef Checkoff, and those funds are used to promote beef demand on a national and state level. State beef councils exist in every state, except for Alaska, Connecticut, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island.
Qualified State Beef Councils:
- Alabama Cattlemenโs Association
- Arizona Beef Council
- Arizona Beef Council
- California Beef Council (also California Cattlemenโs Association)
- Colorado Beef Council
- Delaware Beef Advisory Board
- Florida Beef Council
- Georgia Beef Board
- Hawaii Beef Industry Council
- Idaho Beef Council
- Illinois Beef Association
- Indiana Beef Council
- Iowa Beef Industry Council
- Kansas Beef Council
- Kentucky Beef Council
- Louisiana Beef Industry Council
- Michigan Beef Industry Commission
- Minnesota Beef Council
- Mississippi Beef Council
- Missouri Beef Industry Council
- Montana Beef Council
- Nebraska Beef Council
- Nevada Beef Council
- New Jersey Beef Industry Council
- New Mexico Beef Council
- New York Beef Industry Council
- North Carolina Beef Council
- North Dakota Beef Commission
- Ohio Beef Council
- Oklahoma Beef Council
- Oregon Beef Council
- Pennsylvania Beef Council
- South Carolina Beef Council
- South Dakota Beef Industry Council
- Tennessee Beef Industry Council
- Texas Beef Council
- Utah Beef Council
- Vermont Beef Industry Council
- Virginia Beef Industry Council
- Washington State Beef Commission
- West Virginia Beef Industry Council
- Wisconsin Beef Council
- Wyoming Beef Council
Other State Affiliates, according to the NCBAโs website:
- Arkansas Cattlemenโs Association
- California Cattlemenโs Association
- Georgia Cattlemenโs Association
- Florida Cattlemenโs Association
- Colorado Cattlemen’s Association
- Colorado Livestock Association
- Florida Cattlemen’s Association
- Hawaii Cattlemen’s Council
- Idaho Cattle Association
- Illinois Beef Association
- Indiana Beef Cattle Association
- Kansas Livestock Association
- Kentucky Cattlemen’s Association
- Louisiana Cattlemenโs Association
- Maryland Cattlemen’s Association
- Michigan Cattlemenโs Association
- Minnesota State Cattlemen’s Association
- Mississippi Cattlemen’s Association
- Missouri Cattlemenโs Association
- Montana Stockgrowers Association
- Nebraska Cattlemen
- Nevada Cattlemen’s Association
- North Carolina Cattlemen’s Association
- North Dakota Stockmen’s Association
- Ohio Cattlemen’s Association
- Oklahoma Cattlemenโs Association
- Oregon Cattlemen’s Association
- Pennsylvania Cattlemen’s Association
- South Carolina Cattlemen’s Association
- South Dakota Cattlemen’s Association
- Tennessee Cattlemen’s Association
- Texas & Southwestern Cattle Raisers Association
- Utah Cattlemen’s Association
- Virginia Cattlemen’s Association
- Washington Cattlemenโs Association
- Wyoming Stock Growers Association
- Wisconsin Cattlemen’s Association
Members
As of December 2022, the following paid $100,000 or more to be Gold Level members of NCBA:
- Animal Health International
- Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health Inc.
- Caterpillar
- Central Life Sciences
- Corteva Agriscienceโข
- Elanco Animal Health
- John Deere
- Merck Animal Health
- Micro Technologies
- Moly Manufacturing, Inc.
- New Holland Agriculture
- Purina Animal Nutrition, LLC
- Ritchie Industries, Inc.
- Roto-Mix
- Zoetis Animal Health
As of December 2022, the following paid $25,000 or more to be an Allied Industry Council member of the NCBA:
- CHR HANSEN
- ENVU
- Farm Credit Council
- Huvepharma, Inc.
- Lallemand Animal Nutrition
- Neogen
- Norbrook, Inc.
- Rabo AgriFinance
- RAM
The following paid $3,000 or more to be Allied Industry Partners of NCBA:
- 44 Farms
- ADM Animal Nutrition, Inc.
- Advanced Ag Products
- Agri-Pro Enterprises of Iowa, Inc.
- AgriWebb
- Alltech, Inc.
- American National Insurance
- American Red Angus Association
- Arrowquip
- A.T. Ferrell
- Bank of America
- Barenbrug USA
- Bass Pro Shops/Cabela’s
- Behlen Manufacturing
- Bimeda
- BioZyme
- Bush Hog, Inc
- Cargill Animal Nutrition
- Case IH
- CEAT Tire
- CME Group
- DATAMARS, Inc.
- Dell Technologies
- Diamond V
- ENDOVAC Animal Health
- Farm Business Network/AgriPrime Insurance Agency
- Feed-Lot Magazine
- Fera Diagnostics and Biologicals Corp
- Food Safety Net Services
- Furst-McNess Company
- Gallagher
- Gravely, an Ariens Company
- Greeley Hat Works
- Hayden Outdoors Real Estate
- Hyundai Construction Equipment
- IMI Global, Inc
- International Genetic Solutions
- International Stock Food
- IVS
- Jorgensen Land and Cattle
- Kent Nutrition Group
- Kubota Tractor Corporation
- Kunafin “The Insectary”
- Laird Manufacturing
- Meat & Livestock Australia, Ltd.
- Micronutrients
- National Corn Growers Association
- Nationwide
- New Generation Supplements
- Noble Research Institute
- PBS Animal Health
- Phibro Animal Health
- Pneu-Dart
- Priefert Ranch Equipment
- QualiTech, Inc.
- Quality Liquid Feeds
- Red Angus Association of America
- R&R Machine Works
- RFD-TV
- Roper/Stetson/ Tin Haul Apparel and Footwear
- South Dakota State University
- Stone Manufacturing
- Superior Livestock
- Supreme International
- Syngenta
- Tarter Farm & Ranch Equipment
- The Hartford Livestock Insurance
- The Vit-E-Men Co. Inc./ Life Products
- TransOva Genetics
- Twin Mountain Fence Co.
- U.S. Premium Beef
- Vaxxinova
- Vermeer
- Vitalix
- Vytelle
- Westway Feed
- WildRiver
- Y-Tex
- Zinpro Performance Minerals
Contact & Address
Centennial, Colorado Office:
9110 East Nichols Avenue, Suite 300
Centennial, CO 80112
(303) 694-0305
Washington D.C. Office:
1275 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Suite 801
Washington, D.C. 20004
(202) 347-0228
Social Media
- Twitter: @BeefUSA
- Facebook: BeefUSA
- Instagram: beefusa
- YouTube: @CattlementoCattlemen
- LinkedIn: National Cattlemenโs Beef Association
Resources
- 1“Nonprofit Explorer: National Cattlemenโs Beef Association,” ProPublica. Archived October 16, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/bpNF6
- 2โIndustry Profile: Livestock,โ OpenSecrets. Archived October 15, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/S1cpR
- 3Oliver Lazarus, Sonali McDermid, and Jennifer Jacquet. โThe climate responsibilities of industrial meat and dairy producers,โ New York University Center for Environmental and Animal Protection (CEAP), 2021. Archived August 4, 2021. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/2eUfn
- 4โBill Profile: S. 1733,โ OpenSecrets. Archived October 24, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/wip/aW1vM
- 5Todd Wilkinson. “Testimony on behalf of the National Cattlemenโs Beef Association with regard to โReducing Emissions While Driving Economic Growth: Industry-led Initiativesโ submitted to the United States Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works,” United States Senate, 2019. Archived October 3 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/wIMuz
- 6โAbout: History,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association. Archived Dec 23, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/RQCLQ
- 7
- 8โCattle Industry to Climate Neutrality by 2040,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association, August 12, 2019. Archived July 19, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/ypJus
- 9โNational Cattlemenโs Beef Association and Public Lands Council Response to Notice of Request for Public Comment on the Executive Order on Tackling the Climate Crisis at Home and Abroad, 86 Fed. Reg. 14403,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association, 2021. Archived October 23, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 10โHearings: โSustainability In The Livestock Sector: Environmental Gain And Economic Viability,โ House Committee on Agriculture, February 3, 2022. Archived September 21, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/L6Oq6
- 11โKyoto Opposition Washington Post Ads 1997,โ Climate Investigations Center. Archived October 23, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/UQuFN
- 12Coalition for Responsible Regulation et al. โPetition for Reconsideration of the Endangerment and Cause or Contribute Findings for Greenhouse Gases Under Section 202(a) of the Clean Air Act,โ U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, February 11, 2010. Archived October 24, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 13โBill Profile: S. 1733,โ OpenSecrets. Archived October 24, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/aW1vM
- 14โNonprofit Explorer: National Cattlemenโs Beef Association.โ ProPublica. Archived October 16, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/bpNF6
- 15Greg Hanes. โBeef Checkoff: Whoโs Who & How It Works,โ Perishable News, April 12, 2021. Archived November 27, 2021. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/Hx8UG
- 16Greg Hanes. โBeef Checkoff: Whoโs Who & How It Works,โ Perishable News, April 12, 2021. Archived November 27, 2021. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/Hx8UG
- 17โAUTHORIZATION REQUEST FOR FY 2022,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association, 2021. Archived October 18, 2021. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 18โPAC Profile: National Cattlemenโs Beef Assn,โ Open Secrets. Archived October 11, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/PWUsM
- 19โ2022 Stakeholders Summit sponsorship form,โ Animal Agriculture Alliance. Archived May 22, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 20โCATL Fund: Form 990-EZ for period ending September 2018,โ ProPublica. Archived Feb 20 2023. Archive URL: https://archive.is/tu4hS
- 21Matt Krupnick. โUS beef industry emerges from Bidenโs climate pledges โrelatively unscathedโ,โ The Guardian, March 7 2022. Archived June 26, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/CztWH
- 22โNCBA Confident in U.S. Cattle Record, Urges Open Dialogue on Methane Target,โ NCBA, Sep 17, 2021. Archived November 1, 2021. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/LchGb
- 23Zach Boren. โBeef lobbyists celebrate methane โwinโ at COP26,โ Unearthed, July 3, 2022. Archived August 6, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/Zb5Hb
- 24Zach Boren. โBeef lobbyists celebrate methane โwinโ at COP26,โ Unearthed, July 3, 2022. Archived August 6, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/Zb5Hb
- 25โGlobal Methane Pledge,โ Climate and Clean Air Coalition, 2021. Archived July 5, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/po6L9
- 26Zach Boren. โBeef lobbyists celebrate methane โwinโ at COP26,โ Unearthed, July 3, 2022. Archived August 6, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/Zb5Hb
- 27(Press release.) โSEC Proposes Rules to Enhance and Standardize Climate-Related Disclosures for Investors,โ U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, March 21, 2022. Archived October 13, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/zei1z
- 28Agricultural Retailers Association et al. โRe: Comments by National Agricultural Associations on SECโs Proposed Rules on the Enhancement and Standardization of Climate-Related Disclosures for Investors,โ U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Archived June 27, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 29โNCBA Working to Keep GIPSA Rules in the Past,โ Oklahoma Farm Report, October 4, 2022. Archived October 4, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/jyz6S
- 30โCongressman Lucas introduces bill excluding agriculture from SEC climate disclosure rulemaking,โ Office of Congressman Frank Lucas, September 29, 2022. Archived September 29, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/K6ZgT
- 31โCongressman Lucas introduces bill excluding agriculture from SEC climate disclosure rulemaking,โ Office of Congressman Frank Lucas, September 29, 2022. Archived September 29, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/K6ZgT
- 32โNational Cattlemen’s Beef Assn PAC Contributions to Federal Candidates,โ OpenSecrets. Archived October 21, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/Vnl66
- 33Avery Ellfelt. โSEC climate rule sparks backlash from business groups,โ E & E News, June 2, 2022. Archived June 2, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/t385f
- 34โThe Enhancement and Standardization of Climate-Related Disclosures for Investors [Proposed Rule],โ Securities and Exchange Commission, 2022. Archived October 15, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 35โSustainability in the Livestock Sector: Environmental Gain and Economic Viability,โ Subcommittee on Livestock and Foreign Agriculture, February 3, 2022. Archived .mp4 on file at DeSmog.
- 36โPeople on the Move: Libby Pinkerton,โ Denver Business Journal, March 22, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/56nQi Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 37โAuthorization Request for FY 2022,โ Beef Board, 2021. Archived October 18, 2021. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 38โPeople on the Move: Libby Pinkerton, โ Denver Business Journal, March 22, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/56nQi
- 39โโUnited We Steakโ Campaign Celebrates Americans’ Love of Grilling,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association, June 29 2020. Archived October 16 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/x9uIJ
- 40โCase Studies: Promoting beef as the top protein for summer grilling season,โ Linhart PR. Archived January 26, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/8uoQh
- 41โCattlemenโs Beef Board 2020 Annual Report,โ Cattlemenโs Beef Board, 2020. Archived November 24, 2021. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 42Sharon Linhart. โSo good to see a correction of the false narrative around beef!,โ LinkedIn. Archived October 16, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/6ioz7
- 43โBEEF. Itโs Whatโs For Dinner. Brand Announces Tony Romo As New Spokesperson,โ Cattlemenโs Beef Board and National Cattlemenโs Beef Association, February 1, 2022. Archived September 25, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.vn/RJdlB
- 44โA Snapshot of the Advertising Campaign for Americaโs Number One Protein,โ Beef. Itโs Whatโs for Dinner. Archived July 15, 2009. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 45(Press release.) โNew Beef. It’s What’s For Dinner. Campaign Celebrates Consumers’ Love for Beef and the People Who Raise It,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association, October 6, 2017. Archived June 20, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/UGW6X
- 46โAuthorization Request for Fiscal Year 2023,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association, June 30, 2022. Archived November 29, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 47โAuthorization Request for FY 2019,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association, 2018. Archived January 4, 2023. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 48โAuthorization Request for FY 2020,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association, 2020. Archived June 9, 2020. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 49(Press release.) โNew Beef. It’s What’s For Dinner. Campaign Celebrates Consumers’ Love for Beef,โ NCBA, October 6, 2017. Archived June 20, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/UGW6X
- 50โBeefโs Role In Greenhouse Gas Emissions,โ Beef. Itโs Whatโs for Dinner. Archived October 25, 2021. Archive URL: https://archive.is/5PJG8
- 51โBeefโs Role In Greenhouse Gas Emissions,โ Beef. Itโs Whatโs for Dinner. Archived October 25, 2021. Archive URL: https://archive.is/5PJG8
- 52โKetchum Food Center Celebrates 30th Anniversary,โ Ketchum, October 13, 2008. Archived July 1, 2011. Archive URL: https://archive.is/PcnET
- 53Alexandra Bruell. โBeef Is Back for Dinner as Marketers Woo Nostalgic Millennials,โ The Wall Street Journal, October 5, 2017. Archived November 3, 2017. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/DMkdV
- 54El Peรฑa. โRethink the Ranch,โ Archived August 24, 2020. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 55โBEEF. IT’S WHAT’S FOR DINNER. // RETHINK THE RANCH.โ TR Goode. Archived May 8, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/WAFp1
- 56โBeef Sustainability Campaign Reaches 96 Million Consumers,โ Beef Checkoff. Archived May 17, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.vn/PF0la
- 57โNational Cattlemenโs Beef Association: Tax Filings by Year,โ ProPublica. Archived October 15, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/bpNF6
- 58Hema Budaraju. โNew ways to make more sustainable choices,โ Google, September 28, 2022. Archived October 14, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/LkpVX
- 59โNCBA Denounces Google Feature That Misrepresents Beefโs Environmental Impact,โ National Cattlemen’s Beef Association, October 11, 2022. Archived October 14, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/obQWS
- 60โKey facts and findings.โ Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2013. Archived October 6, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/h4Kbl
- 61โChoosing a Climatarian Diet: The Case for Including Beef,โ New York City Climate Week, September 20, 2022. Archived October 15, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/ifi2M
- 62โAuthorization Request for FY 2023,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association. ArchivedNovember 29, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 63โAdvertising and Marketing Basics,โ Federal Trade Commission. Archived October 16, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/VHu6H
- 64NCBA. โBeefing up Sustainability,โ The Washington Post. Archived August 4, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/O2Qc0
- 65Carol Ryan Dumas. โNCBA slams beef advertising complaint,โCapital Press, September 16, 2021. Archived September 16, 2021. Archive URL: https://archive.is/RNOFb
- 66โDoctors Group Petitions FTC to Stop National Cattlemenโs Beef Association From Placing Ads That Downplay Beefโs Impact on Climate Crisis,โ Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, August 31 2021. Archived October 7, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/Sdf34
- 67โReframing climate change as a health issue,โ Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 92 (โ8)โ, 551 – 552, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.14.020814. Archived February 20, 2023. Archived .pdf available at DeSmog.
- 68โEAT-Lancet Commission Summary Report,โ EAT-Lancet Commission. Archived February 2, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/3dyQC
- 69Carol Ryan Dumas. โNCBA slams beef advertising complaint,โ Capital Press, September 16, 2021. Archived September 16, 2021. Archive URL: https://archive.is/RNOFb
- 70โ2022 PRSA Anvil Shortlist,โ Public Relations Society of America. Archived October 16, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/3kha9
- 71โNational Cattlemenโs Beef Association and Public Lands Council Response to Notice of Request for Public Comment on the Executive Order on Tackling the Climate Crisis at Home and Abroad, 86 Fed. Reg. 14403,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association, 2021. Archived October 23, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 72Todd Wilkinson. โTestimony on behalf of the National Cattlemenโs Beef Association with regard to Reducing Emissions While Driving Economic Growth: Industry-led Initiatives,โ U.S. Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works, October 17, 2019. Archived October 3, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/wIMuz
- 73“Roger A. Cady, Ph.D.,” Dairy 2050. Archived February 18, 2023. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/TTcad
- 74“Rethinking Methane Promotion Timeline,” CLEAR Center, University of California Davis. Archived February 18, 2023. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 75Roger A. Cady. โA Literature Review of GWP*,โ Global Dairy Platform, 2020. Archived Dec 20, 2020. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 76โOverview of Greenhouse Gases: Methane Emissions,โ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Archived October 22, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/eu6XD
- 77โThere is No Alternative to BEEF,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association. Archived February 18, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 78โEAT-Lancet Commission Summary Report,โ EAT-Lancet Commission, 2019. Archived February 2, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/3dyQC
- 79โThere is No Alternative to BEEF,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association. Archived February 18, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 80Cara Pesek. โCattle emissions expert: Environmental impact of beef has been overstated,โ Nebraska Today, October 26, 2021. Archived June 18, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/Ts0bY
- 81Tom Wilkinson. “Reducing Emissions While Driving Economic Growth: Industry-led Initiatives,” United States Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works Subcommittee on Clean Air and Nuclear Safety, October 17, 2019. Archived November 11, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 82Georgi Gyton. โUS forms round-table on sustainable beef,โ Food Navigator USA, March 6, 2015. Archived February 20, 2023. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/FUo2X
- 83โDear Stakeholders of the U.S. Roundtable on Sustainable Beef,โ Friends of the Earth, June 27, 2018. Archived September 1, 2022. Archived .pdf on DeSmog.
- 84Agricultural Research Service. โScientific Report of the 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee,โ USDA, 2015. Archived October 15, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 85โNCBA: Dietary Guidelines Recommendations are Misleading,โ NCBA, 2015. Archived February 28, 2015. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 86โNCBA: Dietary Guidelines Recommendations are Misleading,โ NCBA, 2015. Archived February 28, 2015. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 87โPetition for Reconsideration of the Endangerment and Cause or Contribute Findings for Greenhouse Gases Under Section 202(a) of the Clean Air Act,โ U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, February 11, 2010. Archived October 24, 2022. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 88โNCBA Challenges EPAโs Interpretation of Greenhouse Gas Permitting Rules,โ NCBA, April 6, 2010. Archived April 13, 2010. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/P1WxG
- 89Jess Henig. โClimategate,โ FactCheck, December 10, 2009. Archived August 29, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/kJ6Fr
- 90Rich Collett-White. “Where Are the Ring-Leaders of the Manufactured Climategate Scandal Now?,” DeSmog, November 18, 2019.
- 91Jess Henig. โClimategate,โ FactCheck, December 10, 2009. Archived August 29, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/kJ6Fr
- 92Tamara Thies. โCap and trade legislation: What does it mean for cattle producers?,โ NCBA, 2010. Archived October 24, 2022. Archived .pdf available on file at DeSmog.
- 93“PSD and Title V Permitting Guidance for Greenhouse Gases,” United States Environmental Protection Agency, March 2011. Archived January 19, 2022.
- 94โCattlemenโs Capitol Concerns,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association, June 2010. Archived July 7, 2010. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 95โThune Highlights Ag Groups’ Support of Resolution Disapproving of EPA Energy Tax,โ Office of U.S. Senator John Thune, January 21, 2010. Archived August 26, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/GAsvf
- 96โMurkowski Resolution Falls Short- NCBA’s Colin Woodall Says Several Farm State Democrats Abandoned Agriculture,โ Oklahoma Farm Report, June 10, 2010. Archived March 24, 2016. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/fpJg1
- 97โClimate Change,โ NCBA, 2010. Archived April 14, 2010. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 98โEPA Greenhouse Gas Ruling Could be Devastating to Agriculture,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association, December 8, 2009. Archived December 31, 2009. Archive URL: https://archive.is/bM0qL
- 99โEPA Greenhouse Gas Ruling Could be Devastating to Agriculture,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association, December 8, 2009. Archived December 31, 2009. Archive URL: https://archive.is/bM0qL
- 100โClimate Change,โ NCBA, 2010. Archived April 14, 2010. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 101โThe Effect of the Kyoto Protocol on American Small Business,โ U.S. House Of Representatives, Committee On Small Business, April 29, 1999. Archived October 23, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/AbE5B
- 102Sparks Companies, Inc. โThe Kyoto Protocol: Potential Impacts on U.S. Agriculture [Hearing, โโThe effect of the Kyoto Protocol on American Small Business],โ U.S. House Of Representatives, Committee On Small Business, April 29, 1999. Archived October 23, 2022. Archived .png on file at DeSmog.
- 103(Press release.) โStudy Finds Climate Treaty to Cut Farm Income 50 Percent,โ American Farm Bureau, February 16, 1999. Archived August 17, 2000. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 104โKyoto Opposition Washington Post Ads 1997,โ Climate Investigations Center. Archived October 23, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/UQuFN
- 105โKyoto Opposition Washington Post Ads 1997,โ Climate Investigations Center. Archived October 23, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/UQuFN
- 106โGlobal Climate Information Project,โ ClimateFacts.org. Archived April 21, 1998. Archive URL: https://archive.is/Sn2Wx/image
- 107Global Climate Information Project. โWhy Weโre Concerned: List of Sponsors,โ ClimateFacts.org.Archived April 21, 1998. Archive URL: https://archive.is/Sn2Wx
- 108Global Climate Information Project. โScience Concerns,โClimateFacts.org. Archived April 21, 1998. Archive URL: https://archive.is/Sn2Wx
- 109Global Climate Information Project. โScience Concerns: Are Humans Causing the Warming?โClimateFacts.org. Archived April 21, 1998. Archive URL: https://archive.is/Sn2Wx
- 110โLeadership,โ National Cattlemenโs Beef Association. Archived September 26, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.is/jsXTy
- 111Ken Root. โNCBA CEO Kendal Frazier announces plans for retirement,โ Iowa Agribusiness Radio Network, April 24, 2019. Archived February 20, 2023. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/uMKjO
- 112โClient Profile: National Cattlemenโs Beef Association,โ OpenSecrets. โโArchived October 23, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/4mXVF
- 113โBoard,โ Animal Agriculture Alliance. Archived June 23, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/aSMLW
- 114โBoard,โ Animal Agriculture Alliance. Archived February 20, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/tWpQY
- 115โWorking groups and councils,โ Global Roundtable for Sustainable Beef. Archived January 6, 2023. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/zGebI
- 116โLeadership,โ U.S. Roundtable for Sustainable Beef. Archived July 6, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/OyrWG
- 117โBoard of Directors,โ Public Lands Council. Archived July 4, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/pQ4du
- 118
- 119โFederation of State Beef Councils,โ Beef Checkoff. Archived August 15, 2022. Archive URL: https://archive.ph/o5mN3