On the afternoon of January 15, activist Diane Wilson kicked off a San Antonio Estuary Waterkeeper meeting on the side of the road across from a Formosa plastics manufacturing plant in Point Comfort, Texas.ย After Wilson and the waterkeeper successfully sued Formosa, the company agreed to no longer release even one of the tiny plastic pellets known as nurdles into the regionโs waterways. The group of volunteers had assembled that day to check whether the plant was still discharging these raw materials of plastics manufacturing.ย ย ย
Their suit against Formosa Plastics Corp. USA resulted in a $50-million-dollar settlement and a range of conditions in an agreement known as a consent decree. Key among the conditions was the companyโs promise to halt releasing the nurdles it manufactures into local waterways leading to the Texas Gulf Coast by Januaryย 15.
Wilson described the occasion as โday one of the zero discharge settlement.โ As of that date, Formosa could be fined up to $15,000 a day if it were found still discharging nurdles. That would put the multi-billion-dollar plastics maker in violation of the court settlement made after U.S. District Judge Kenneth Hoyt determined the company had violated the Clean Water Act by discharging plastic pellets and PVC powder into Lavaca Bay and Cox Creek in a June 27 ruling lastย year.
The deal, signed by Judge Hoyt in December, represents the U.S.โs largest settlement in a Clean Water Act lawsuit brought by private individuals against anย industrial polluter. The settlement mandates that both Formosa and the plaintiffs agree to a monitor, remediation consultant, engineer, and trustee for ongoing monitoring of theย plant.
Formosaโs plastics plant dominating the landscape in Point Comfort,ย Texas.
Diane Wilsonย with volunteers before their meetingย across the street from Formosaโs Point Comfort manufacturing plant.ย
After calling the groupโs meeting to order, Wilson gave an update on how requirements of the consent decree were progressing. The volunteer team of nurdle monitors, who have been collecting nurdles discharged by the plant for the last four years, listened eagerly. Wilson said that Formosa had missed the January 15 deadline to deliver the waivers they needed to sign, which would grant them permission to monitor on the companyโs property along the fence line. Without the signed forms, the group put off their on-the-ground monitoring trip. Instead, they headed for the banks of Cox Creek, where Wilson set off in a kayak to check on one of the plantโsย outfalls.
Within 10 minutes she collected an estimated 300 of the little plastic pellets. Wilson says she will save them as evidence, along with any additional material the group collects, to present to the official โ and yet-to-be-selected โย monitor.
Wilson received the waiver forms from Formosa a day after the deadline. The group plans to set out by foot on January 18, which will allow them to cover more ground on their next monitoring trip. They hope to check all of the facilityโs 14 outtakes where nurdles could be still be escaping. Any nurdles discharged on or after January 15 in the area immediately surrounding the plant would be in violation of the courtย settlement.
Ronnie Hamrick picking up a mixture of new and legacy nurdles near Formosaโs Point Comfortย plant.
Ronnie Hamrick holds a few of the countless nurdles that litter the banks of Cox Creek near Formosaโs Point Comfortย facility.
Pointing along the creekโs edge, Ronnie Hamrick, a member of theย San Antonio Estuary Waterkeeperย and former Formosa employee, showed me how to distinguish new plastic pellets from the legacy nurdles from past discharges. The new ones are brighter and white compared to the older ones, which take on a dull gray color. Old nurdles were plentiful along the creekโs banks despite cleanup crews deployed by Formosa in that area. Newer ones were easy to find in the water after Hamrick pushed a rake into the marsh, stirring them up from below the waterโs surface in Coxย Creek.
When Wilson returned from her kayak, she showcased her find: The nurdles she had just collected from the Formosa outfall were bright white, making them easy to distinguish from the older ones littering the bank where she had launched her kayak. She plans to turn them over as evidence of newly discharged nurdles to the official monitor once one is selected in accordance to the consentย decree.
Diane Wilson holding up a bag full of nurdles she collected from one of Formosaโs outfall areas on Januaryย 15.
Lawsuit Against Formosaโs Planned Louisiana Plant
On that same afternoon, Wilson learned thatย conservation and community groups in Louisiana had sued the Trump administration, challenging federal environmental permits for Formosaโs planned $9.4 billionย plastics complexย in St. James Parish.ย ย
The news made Wilson smile. โI hope they win. The best way to stop the company from polluting isย not to let them build another plant,โ she toldย me.ย
The lawsuit was filed in federal court against the Army Corps of Engineers, accusing the Corps ofย failing to disclose environmental damage and public health risks and failing to adequately consider environmental damage from the proposed plasticsย plant.ย Wilson had met some of theย Louisiana-based activists last year when a group of them had traveled to Point Comfort and protested with her outside Formosaโs plastics plant that had begun operations in 1983.ย Among them was Sharon Lavigne, founder of the community group Rise St. James, who lives just over a mile and a half from the proposed plastics complex inย Louisiana.
Back then, Wilson offered them encouragement in their fight. A few months after winning her own case last June, she gave them boxes of nurdles she had used in her caseย against Formosa. The Center for Biological Diversity, one of the environmental groups in the Louisiana lawsuit, transported the nurdles to St. James. The hope was that these plastic pellets would help environmental advocates there convince Louisiana regulators to deny Formosaโs request for air permits required for building its proposed St. James plastics complex that would also produce nurdles. On January 6, Formosa received those permits, but it still has a few more steps before receiving full approval for theย plant.
Anne Rolfes, founder of the Louisiana Bucket Brigade, holding up a bag of nurdles discharged from Formosaโs Point Comfort, Texas plant, at a protest against the companyโs proposed St. James plant in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, on December 10,ย 2019.
In their January 15 lawsuit, the groups, which also include Louisiana Bucket Brigade, and Healthy Gulf, point out that aย Texas judge called Formosaโs Point Comfort plant a โserial offenderโ of the Clean Water Act. They also citeย another Formosa facility in Baton Rouge,ย Louisiana, which has been in violation of the Clean Air Act every quarter sinceย 2009.ย
Construction underway to expand Formosaโs Point Comfortย plant.
Silhouette of Formosaโs Point Comfort Plant looming over the rural landscape.
The new plant slated for St. James Parish โis expected to emit and discharge a variety of pollutants, including carcinogens and endocrine disrupters, into the air and water; [and] discharge plastic into theย Mississippi River and other waterbodies,โ the lawsuitย alleges.
DeSmogโs Sharon Kelly reported that out of all the new or expanding U.S. refineries, liquefied natural gas (LNG) export projects, and petrochemical plants seeking air permits, Formosaโs St. James plant would top the list of airย polluters.
โWilsonโs victory against Formosa was very encouraging,โ Sharon Lavigne told me over the phone. She plans to cite it as one of the many reasons why the St. James Parish Council should reverse its 2018 decision to grant Formosa a land use permit for the sprawling plastics facility. She and others will address the council over a multitude of issues at its upcoming January 21ย meeting.
From the Gulf Coast toย Europe
Just a day after Wilson found apparently new nurdles in Point Comfort,ย the Plastic Soup Foundation, an advocacy group based in Amsterdam, tookย legal steps to stop plastic pellet pollutionย inย Europe. On behalf of the group, environmental lawyersย submitted an enforcement request to a Dutch environmental protection agency, which is responsible for regulating the cleanup of nurdles polluting waterways in theย Netherlands.
The foundation is the first organization in Europe to take legal steps to stop plastic pellet pollution.ย It cites in its enforcement requestย to regulators Wilsonโs victory in obtaining aย โzero dischargeโ promise from Formosa and is seeking a similar result againstย Ducor Petrochemicals,ย the Rotterdam plastic producer. Its goal is to prod regulators into forcing Ducor to remove tens of millions of plastic pellets from the banks immediately surrounding its petrochemicalย plant.
Detail of a warning sign near the Point Comfort Formosa plant. The waterways near the plant are polluted by numerous industrial facilities in theย area.
Nurdles on Cox Creekโs bank on January 15, 2020. Wilson hopes her and her colleaguesโ work of the past four years will help prevent the building of more plastics plants, including the proposed Formosa plant in St. Jamesย Parish.ย
Besides polluting waterways, the ongoing build-out of the petrochemical and plastics industry doesnโt align with efforts to keep global warming inย check.
Wilson and her fellow volunteers plan to keep monitoring the Point Comfort plant until it stops discharging the tiny plastic pellets into Texas watersย entirely.ย
I reached out to Formosa about whether it was aware its Point Comfort plant was apparently still discharging nurdles but didnโt receive a reply beforeย publication.
A sign noting the entrance to the Formosa Wetlands Walkway at Port Lavacaย Beach. The San Antonio Estuary Waterkeeper describes the messaging as an example ofย greenwashing.
Main image: Diane Wilson kayaking to the fence line of Formosaโs Point Comfort plant to check for nurdles newly discharged from the plant on January 15, 2020. Credit: All photos and video by Julie Dermansky forย DeSmog
Subscribe to our newsletter
Stay up to date with DeSmog news and alerts