This DeSmog UK epic history post examines the demise of one UK free market climate-denying think tank after its funding was linked toย ExxonMobil.
Chief executive Rex Tillersonโs decision, made in the ExxonMobil boardroom in Texas, to turn off the flood of funding to free market think tanks resulted in an immediate crisis for Julian Morris and his colleagues at the climate sceptic International Policy Network (IPN) near the Royal Opera House in Covent Garden,ย London.
The oil company had donated $95,000 to the libertarian IPN in 2006, but further funding was in serious jeopardy. According to accounts filed by the charity, โthe trustees of IPN UK concluded that the instituteโs objective would presently be best achieved primarily through the provision of support to IPN UKโs sister organisation and others, rather than actingย directly.โ
This was a polite way of saying that Morris would have to let his small, dedicated staff go and move out of their small, central Londonย offices.
Morris, as the director, retained his generous salary, but from now on would be paid directly from the United States. His wife, Kendra Okonski, was paid just ยฃ7,000 that year, suggesting she lost her job or was forced to work just a few days aย week.
Declareย Funding
Insult was added to injury as the deepening financial crisis coincided with a coruscating attack by George Monbiot, Britainโs preeminent environmental journalist and a scourge to theย sceptics.
โPundits who contest climate change should tell us who is paying themโ he demanded from the pages of the Guardian in September thatย year.
Monbiot accused the IPN of acting as a lobby group disguised as a charity think tank. He said that Morris had received ยฃ10,000 from a US tobacco company and cited IPN co-founder Roger Bateโs letter to R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company asking for $50,000 for a book about risk. Monbiot made similar claims when he appeared on Newsnight attacking the IPN.
The charityโs trustees were devastated and humiliated by the reportage and believed it to be totally unfair. The exposรฉ would inflict a mortal wound on the IPN (only a few years later, it was closedย down).
A Doomedย Battle
Morris desperately tried to shore up the reputation of his small think tank, but the damage was irreparable. He wrote a furious letter to the Guardian, stating: โGeorge Monbiot seeks to impugn my reputationโฆ IPN adheres to a strict code of independence and, contrary to Monbiotโs claim, does notย lobby.โ
With considerable brass neck, he added: โMonbiot claims that we receive support from businesses. This is false.โ The charity director was fighting a valiant but ultimately doomedย battle.
Professor Mark Pennington was on the academic advisory board at the time. He told me: โThe reason [the IPN] doesnโt exist [any more] is because it was very damaged by allegations that came out, again I think totally unfounded allegations, by people like George Monbiot saying that, you know, this is a front for the oil industryโฆ I know thatโฆ they were very badly damaged by accusations that George Monbiot madeโฆ basically claiming that they were equivalent to organisations that denied a link between cancer andย smoking.โ
Pennington recalled that the IPN did continue to publish semi-academic work after Monbiot attacked, but โI just donโt think it had any tractionโฆ they wereย tainted.โ
Exxon and the IEA
Linda Whetstone, daughter of the Institute of Economic Affairsโ (IEA) founder, Antony Fisher, and an IEA trustee, described Monbiotโs articles as โreally viciousโ, based on โsupposition and surmiseโ, and confirmed that they caused huge damage to the IPNโs fundraisingย efforts.
She added: โItโs quite difficult if you get any money from Exxon and journalists are determined to say that โOk they get funds from Exxon, therefore they are doing what Exxonย wantsโ.โ
Environmentalists, angered by the revelations in Monbiotโs report, took to the streets and staged a die-in outside Morrisโs offices the followingย October.
The timing of this morbid protest was unfortunate. Just two days earlier, Lord Harris, the first director general of the IEA and a close friend to Morris, had died. The pipe-smoking champion of the right to imbibe tobacco smoke had died at the grand old age of 81, after a suspected heart attack at his home in Northย London.
The late John Blundell, the then IEA director, told the Daily Mail at the time: โHe did so much to bring market ideas back into circulation here and around the world.โ
Sinkingย Ship
By December, the Independent had joined the campaign against the IPN. The newspaper quoted Olivier Hoedeman of the Corporate Europe Observatory, stating: โCovert funding for climate sceptics is deeply hypocritical because ExxonMobil spends major sums on advertising to present itself as an environmentally responsibleย company.โ
Morrisโs small charity was not totally cash strapped, however, as it continued to receive funding from other corporations, including the New York-based Randolph Foundation, which donated $283,922 during the next threeย years.
Morris then turned to his friends at the Reason Foundation in the US โ also funded by tobacco and oil โ attacking climate change in an article penned for its website, and thus continued securing the bridge upon which he could escape his sinkingย ship.
Speaking with me via email, Morris said: โYour story is complete nonsense. Exxonโs support amounted to less than 10% of our funding and we were able to replace it immediately with other donors. The decisions to change the structure of IPNโs operations had nothing to do with Exxonโs decision to stop funding our organization. I have never received any money from any tobacco company, so that is a straightย lie.โ
Up next in the DeSmog UK epic history series, we remember when the prominent climate-denying International Policy Network closed its doors as science triumphed overย ideology.
Photo: Wikimedia via Creativeย Commons
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