"FrackNation" Part Two: The Koch Industries Ties That Bind

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Part one of theย DeSmogBlog investigation of โ€œFrackNationโ€ย – a film made in response to โ€œGasland 2โ€ – honed in on the past track records and funding streams of co-directors Phelim McAleer andย Annย McElhinney.

We revealed that Donors Trust/Donors Capital – the โ€œdark money ATM of the rightโ€ – partially funded their first two films, โ€œMine Your Own Businessโ€ and โ€œNot Evil, Justย Wrong.โ€

We also revealed thatย โ€œNot Evil,โ€ a climate change denial documentary, was utilized by a partner of Americans for Prosperity (AFP) to push theย Balanced Education for Everyone (BEE)ย campaign.

That campaign callsย for a โ€œbalancedโ€ scientific teaching of the climate change โ€œcontroversyโ€ and parallels ones pushed for via an American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC) model bill, by the Discovery Institute, and by the Heartlandย Institute.

Yet, what about โ€œFrackNationโ€? Who bankrolled it and are the screenings and is the tour really a grassrootsย endeavor?ย 

It might seem that way based on its marketing, but as Jean de La Fontaine once said, โ€œBeware, so long as you live, of judging men by their outwardย appearance.โ€

Grassroots or Astroturf? Follow the Emailย List

Interested in where โ€œFrackNationโ€ and its film-making team are getting their funding from, I signed up for its email list. In so doing, I learned thatย Market Aces LLCย runsย it.ย 

โ€œFrom the start, Market Aces had a vision to offer low-cost website development solutions to small businesses and a niche market within the political and non-profit sector โ€“ but only those who are dedicated to protecting the American Dream and freedom,โ€ย its website reads.ย 

Market Aces LLCย shares an officeย withย The Leadership Instituteย (LI).ย 

According to LI‘s website, it โ€œteaches conservative Americans how to influence policy through direct participation, activism, and leadership.โ€ย Itsย website also explainsย that โ€œsince 1979, [it] has trained more than 119,000 conservative activists, leaders, andย students.โ€

Playing by API‘s Employee Advocacyย Playbook?

Beyond getting email list building help from one of theย key โ€œfeederโ€ nodes in the right-wing network, it’s also questionable how many of the funders of โ€œFrackNationโ€ were of the grassroots variety. As theย Pittsburgh Post-Gazetteย explained,ย 

[T]he roster of โ€œexecutive producersโ€ who have donated at least $1 includes scores of energy industry associates. The filmmakers said Thursday they plan to return any donations given by โ€œseniorโ€ workers in the industry, which they define asย executives.ย 

Among those who donated moneyย to theย KickStarterย campaign:ย โ€œthe director of an Ohio-based oil and gas outreach program and the head of external affairs at Cabot Oil and Gas, the company that’s fought accusations of water contamination in Dimock, Pa., for the past several years,โ€ย according to theย Post-Gazette.ย ย 

Within four weeks of theย Kickstarterย fundraising campaign’s launch, โ€œFrackNationโ€ had alreadyย raised over $150,000, raising over $22,000ย in the first two days ofย fundraising.ย 

Perhaps โ€œFrackNationโ€ is playing by theย American Petroleum Institute‘s employee advocates’ โ€œcorporate citizenโ€ย playbook.

In a presentation given at an industry PR conference attended byย DeSmogBlogย in Houston, TX titled, โ€œEducating Employees On Key Issues To Encourage Brand Management Energy Nation: Empowering Employee Advocates,โ€ API‘s Director ofย External Mobilizationย Tara Andersonย explained how – in essence – to create an armada of fracking advocates from within the employee base of oil and gasย corporations.ย 

โ€œEmployees are the best brand ambassador you can come byโ€ฆThe most important principle to remember is to create a culture of advocacy,โ€ย she said in Houston. โ€œThis is really a community that regularly communicates and engages in the political process. It gives them all the necessary tools and empowers them to get involved and make aย difference.โ€ย 

This may explain why the film not only raised money with such rapidity, but also has full industry backing for its nationwideย tour

โ€œFrackNationโ€ Tour’s Americans for Prosperity Pitstopsย ย 

For an alleged grassroots-funded film, โ€œFrackNationโ€ has enjoyed robust support from Big Oil and other corporate interests in the first several months of its roadshow.ย Bothย Energy in Depthย and theย Marcellus Shale Coalitionย – for example – are alsoย promoting the film.

โ€œThe film is a case of the good guys hitting a home run that changes the entire game,โ€ย exclaimedย Energy in Depthย in a Jan. 2013 review of the film.ย 

Former Big Tobacco lackey Grover Norquistย – now head ofย Americans for Tax Reformย (ATR)ย  – also wrote aย favorable review of the filmย to coincide with the film’s premiere on theย Mark Cuban-ownedย AXS TVย in Jan. 2013 andย ATR‘s hosting of the filmmaker’s for lunch.

Ezra Lavant of โ€œEthical Oilโ€ infamyย has also aided in promoting the film. โ€œFrackNationโ€ co-directorย Magdalena Segieda will speak on Levant’s โ€œFreedom Cruiseโ€ย in August and he alsoย had McElhinney and McAleer on his show in February.ย ย 

In Feb. 2013,ย Joint Landownerโ€™s Coalition of NY Inc.ย (JLCNY)ย hosted two โ€œFrackNationโ€ screenings in upstate New York, both of which McAleer attended. Just three months later in May,ย JLCNY announced its new partnership with AFP.ย 

Later, in March,ย AFP-Michigan played host to a โ€œFrackNationโ€ screening, a fracking battleground state where the toxic process has yet to commence. Inย Aprilย andย May,ย AFPโ€“Illinois hosted a total of eight screenings of โ€œFrackNation,โ€ another state with anย ongoing fracking battle.ย AFPMT and the Montana Petroleum Association – a state-level API –ย also screened the film.ย 

Most recently to coincide with the launch of the grassroots launch of โ€œGasland 2,โ€ McAleer has taken โ€œFrackNationโ€ on-tourย to bird-dog it.

On May 22,ย AFP-Colorado hosted a โ€œFrackNationโ€ screeningย at the same timeย University of Colorado hosted a showing of โ€œGasland 2,โ€ย and the next โ€œshowdown of the centuryโ€ – as the โ€œFrackNationโ€ promoters put it – will take place on May 31 in Santa Barbara, CA.ย Young America’s Foundationย willย play host to the โ€œFrackNationโ€ย Santa Barbara screening.ย ย 

AFP-Maryland also hosted a screeningย of โ€œFrackNationโ€ on June 2.ย ย 

โ€œFrackNationโ€ Screens at House Committee, Josh Fox Arrested in Hearing of Sameย Committee

โ€œFrackNationโ€ alsoย screened at CPAC in March 2013ย andย in front of the U.S. Houseย Committee on Science, Space, and Technologyย in Feb. 2013. ย ย 

โ€œItโ€™s important that politicians educate themselves about fracking. Itโ€™s the future of American energy,โ€ McAleerย wrote in an email promoting the Capitol Hill screening. โ€œWith all the lies and misinformation out there, weโ€™re excited to bring the truth about fracking to Capitolย Hill.โ€ย 

Dave Weigel ofย Slateย reportedย that โ€œaround 40 Republican staffers and members of Congress made time for a private movieย screening.โ€

Among those in the room, according to Weigel, wasย Committee Chair U.S. Rep. Lamar Smith (R-TX), a climate change denierย who tookย $10,000 from Koch Industriesย andย $83,750 from Big Oilย for his 2012 electoral campaign.ย ย 

โ€œHe was glad to have these points made in an easily digestible way, on screen,โ€ย McAleer told Weigel of Smith’s reactionย to seeing the film. โ€œPeople know there’s something smelly about Gasland, but people are suspicious about how itย smells.โ€

As a direct juxtaposition,ย โ€œGasland 2โ€ director Josh Fox was arrested at this same Committee’s hearing in Feb. 2012ย while filming for his then-upcoming film for โ€œunlawful entry.โ€ Though he had a pass to do the filming during the hearing, he was was slapped with this chargeย anyway.

โ€œThis is a public hearing. Iโ€™m within my First Amendment rights, and Iโ€™m being taken out,โ€ Fox calmly stated to those in the hearing room while being escorted out during hisย arrest.ย 

Independent Journalists? Oh,ย Really?

Then there’s the big question: how do two so-called independent journalists afford to pay for aย $1 million condo off the Pacific Ocean inย Marina Del Rey, CA?

This condo was purchased by them in May 2010, according to property records matching the listed address forย Hard Boiled Films LLC, the listed producer ofย โ€œFrackNation.โ€

ย ย ย 

And though it’s obvious from the filmmaker’s track-records that they have ties to powerful right-wing upper-level circles, sources toldย DeSmogBlogย that McAleer interviewed them under deceptiveย pretenses.ย 

McAleer’s Interview Requests Under Misleadingย Pretenses

One of the featured interviewees in the film is Dimock, PA‘s Craig Sautner alongside his wife, Julie. The Sautners were interviewed for the first โ€œGaslandโ€ and had theirย water contaminated by Cabot Oil and Gas in 2008.

โ€œTrees were cleared and the ground leveled to make room for a four-acre drilling site less than 1,000 feet away from their land,โ€ย an account inย Vanity Fairย explained.ย โ€œThe Sautners could feel the earth beneath their home shake whenever the well was fracked.ย Within a month, their water had turned brown. It was so corrosive that it scarred dishes in their dishwasher and stained theirย laundry.โ€

In an interview withย DeSmogBlog, Sautner said McAleer approached him under misleading pretenses, claiming to be an anti-fracking filmmaker hoping to help out inย Ireland’s fracking fight.ย 

โ€œI was hesitant at first to do the interview, but he begged us and we said ‘okay.’ Everything he ended up using in the video he took out of context.ย He had it all set up from the beggining of what he wanted to show and he wasn’t going to show the truth,โ€ Sautner toldย DeSmogBlog.

Victoria Switzer, another Dimock victim of Cabot interviewed for โ€œFrackNationโ€ who spent four hours speaking with McAleer in her houseย (her interview did not appear in the film), also expressed similar sentiments toย DeSmogBlog.ย ย 

He called he assured me he was doing an unbiased documentary both sides of the issues. I think it is significant because it goes to his lying, his manipulation of the truth, and misrepresentation of his agenda. I never would have let him in my home if I knew what his agenda was. Later when I saw some of his other work I was sickened that this man sat at the table my husband built in the home that is now threatened by the industryย he serves!ย 

McAleer mislead interviewees during the filming of โ€œMine Your Own Business,โ€ too.ย Stephanie Roth – a 2005ย recipient of the prestigiousย Goldman Environmental Prizeย and a grassroots activist who has helped in the anti-mining fight in Romania – was also approached by McAleer for an interview for thatย film.

The catch: he did so – according to one account –ย under a psudonym and Roth refused to speak to himย because McAleer was uninterested in interviewing any of the local grassroots activists she suggested should be interviewed besidesย her.

Big Tobacco Player, Climate Changer Deniers Makes Filmย Apperances

โ€œFrackNationโ€ itself features numerous fossil fuel industry shills-for-hire, climate change deniers, as well as one former Big Tobacco apologist, all posing as โ€œindependent experts.โ€ The roster of hired guns isย robust:ย 

Bruce Amesย – Ames sits on the Advisory Board ofย Collegians for a Constructive Tomorrowย (CFACT), a climate change denial, fossil fuel industry-funded group on college campuses nationwide. He alsoย formerly sat on the Advisory Board forย The Advancement of Sound Science Coalitionย (TASSC), created byย Philip Morris, as explained in the book โ€œTrust Us We’re Expertsโ€ by Sheldon Rampton and Johnย Stauber.

In the film, Ames compares the chemical compounds found in fracking fluid to those found inย cabbage.

โ€œIf I gave you all of the long names of the chemicals in cabbage that give cancer to rats in high levels, you could get scared, but there’s really no danger in cabbage,โ€ย he stated in the film. โ€œIf people say fracking’s causing cancer, then they don’t know what they’re talkingย about.โ€ย 

Robert Bryceย – Bryce’s analysis was also featured early-on in the film, though his fellowship at theย Manhattan Instituteย Center for Energy Policy and the Environmentย –ย heavily funded by the oil and gas industry – goes unmentioned. Bryce was also interviewed extensively in the industry propaganda film, โ€œHaynseville.โ€ย 

James Delingpoleย – Delingpole is an infamous climate change denier and columnist for theย UK Telegraph. In the film, Delingpole hints that the U.S. anti-fracking movement might be funded by Russia for geopoliticalย purposes.ย 

โ€œIn fact, I would say Russia is screwed if it can’t export its gas,โ€ Delingpole said in the film. โ€œSo, it really is very important for Russia that the shale gas revolution does not happen. It is also in Russia’s interest to fund those environmental groups which are committed to campaigning against fracking. That’s how itย works.โ€

Terry Engelderย – Engelder is viewed by many as a shale gas industry spokesman.ย He is theย co-founder ofย Appalachian Fracture Systems, a natural gas consulting firm andย was interviewed in โ€œTruthland,โ€ย a documentaryย made in response to โ€œGaslandโ€ byย Energy In Depth.ย 

Jon Entineย – Entine is aย visiting fellow at theย American Enterprise Institute, whichย The Guardianย revealedย takes millions to deny climate change from, among others, ExxonMobil. He also has a fellowship atย George Mason University, heavily funded by the Koch Brothers.

Mother Jonesย referred to Entine as an โ€œagribusiness apologistโ€ in a Feb. 2012 piece pointing to some his unsavory advocacy on behalf of multnational agribusiness corporation,ย Syngenta.ย ย ย 

Bryan Shawย – Shaw serves as head of the Texas Center for Environmental Quality (TCEQ). He’s also aย notorious climate changer denierย whose fellow climate change denying boss – TX Republican Gov. Rick Perry –ย tookย $5,204,795 from Big Oilย before his 2010 electoral victory. Perryย has already raised $671,069ย in advance of his forthcoming 2014 electoralย efforts.ย ย 

โ€œMerchants of Doubtโ€ At Itย Again

McAleer can best be described as a favorite corporateย third-party advocate, a hired gun to sow seeds of doubt on the ecological impacts ofย fracking.ย 

โ€œ[Third party advocacy] offers camouflage, helping to hide the vested interest that lurks behind a message,โ€ wrote Rampton and Stauber in โ€œTrust Us We’re Experts.โ€ โ€œPutting the same message in someone else’s mouth gives it a credibility that it would not otherwiseย enjoy.โ€

Thus, while many critics write McAleer off as a convoluted goof ball, there’s more to the story than originally meets the eye: it’s the story of the Tobacco Playbook’s redux and theย stakes of the climate crisis couldn’t be higher.ย 

In Dec. 1953, PR hegemonย Hill and Knowltonย formed theย Tobacco Industry Committee for Public Information, also forming theย Tobacco Instituteย in 1963. The U.S. Dept. of Justice would later say that โ€œdeceive[d] the American public about the health impacts ofย smoking.โ€

60 years later, more of the same.ย Hill and Knowltonย now representsย America’s Natural Gas Allianceย (ANGA), the unconventional oil and gas industry’s lobbying tour deย force.ย 

With influential news outlets ranging fromย The New York Times,ย Variety,ย New York Post,ย National Review, and theย Associated Pressย all covering the film favorably, whoever is bank-rolling โ€œFrackNationโ€ understands how the dark arts of PR are utilized.ย That is, when โ€œboth sidesโ€ of a one-sided scientific debate are covered in a news story, the โ€œmerchants of doubtโ€ alwaysย wins.ย 

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Steve Horn is the owner of the consultancy Horn Communications & Research Services, which provides public relations, content writing, and investigative research work products to a wide range of nonprofit and for-profit clients across the world. He is an investigative reporter on the climate beat for over a decade and former Research Fellow for DeSmog.

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